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Laura Säisänen

Laura Säisänen

Senior Researcher

Senior Researcher, project researcher (BP-Pain), Title of Docent in Experimental Neurophysiology

Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences

laura.saisanen@uef.fi

Information Publications

My background is in biomedicine, which I studied at the University of Uppsala, Sweden, where I graduated 2005. At the beginning of 2006, I started as a research assistant at the newly initiated navigated TMS lab at Kuopio University Hospital, and since then I have had the privilege to work in numerous projects with different topics.

Currently, I am working in a project aiming to elucidate the neuroplastic capacity in osteoarthritis and recovery after operation.

My aim is to improve methods and practices in non-invasive brain stimulation.

Research groups

Biophysics of Bone and Cartilage (BBC) 01.01.1998 -
Clinical Epilepsy Research 01.01.2010 -
Neuromodulation research group 01.01.2017 -
Pain Neuromodulation Group 01.01.2022 -

Keywords

brain stimulation non-invasive plasticity transcranial magnetic stimulation

Publications

54/54 items

Associations of physical fitness with cortical inhibition and excitation in adolescents and young adults
Skog, Hanna Mari; Määttä, Sara; Säisanen, Laura; Lakka, Timo A; Haapala, Eero A. 2024. Frontiers in neuroscience. 18: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Hyaluronic Acid and Large Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Synovial Fluid and Plasma of Patients With End-Stage Arthritis: Positive Association of EVs to Joint Pain
Mustonen, Anne-Mari; Capra, Janne; Oikari, Sanna; Säisänen, Laura; Karttunen, Lauri; Julkunen, Petro; Lehenkari, Petri; Joukainen, Antti; Jaroma, Antti; Paakkonen, Tommi; Kääriäinen, Tommi; Kröger, Heikki; Nieminen, Petteri. 2024. Cartilage. [Epub ahead of print 10 May 2024]: 1-12 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Tetraspanin profiles of serum extracellular vesicles reflect functional limitations and pain perception in knee osteoarthritis
Mustonen, Anne-Mari; Palviainen, Mari; Säisänen, Laura; Karttunen, Lauri; Tollis, Sylvain; Esrafilian, Amir; Reijonen, Jusa; Julkunen, Petro; Siljander, Pia R-M; Kröger, Heikki; Mäki, Jussi; Arokoski, Jari; Nieminen, Petteri. 2024. Arthritis research and therapy. 26: . 33 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
The Effect of Stimulation Intensity, Sampling Frequency, and Sample Synchronization in TMS-EEG on the TMS Pulse Artifact Amplitude and Duration
Jamil, Zunaira; Säisänen, Laura; Demjan, Michal; Reijonen, Jusa; Julkunen, Petro. 2024. IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering. 32: 2612-2620 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Associations between physical fitness and cerebellar gray matter volume in adolescents
Jalanko, Petri; Säisänen, Laura; Kallioniemi, Elisa; Könönen, Mervi; Lakka, Timo A; Määttä, Sara; Haapala, Eero A. 2023. Scandinavian journal of medicine and science in sports. 2024; 34: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Detecting negative myoclonus during long-term home measurements using wearables
Sinokki, Aku; Säisänen, Laura; Hyppönen, Jelena; Silvennoinen, Katri; Kälviäinen, Reetta; Mervaala, Esa; Karjalainen, Pasi A; Rissanen, Saara M. 2023. Clinical neurophysiology. 156: 166-174 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Developmental models of motor-evoked potential features by transcranial magnetic stimulation across age groups from childhood to adulthood
Nguyen, Dao T A; Julkunen, Petro; Säisänen, Laura; Määttä, Sara; Rissanen, Saara M; Lintu, Niina; Könönen, Mervi; Lakka, Timo; Karjalainen, Pasi A. 2023. Scientific reports. 13: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Near-threshold recruitment characteristics of motor evoked potentials in transcranial magnetic stimulation
Demjan, Michal; Säisänen, Laura; Reijonen, Jusa; Rissanen, Saara; Määttä, Sara; Julkunen, Petro. 2023. Brain research. 1805: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Efficacy and tolerability in patients with chronic facial pain of two consecutive treatment periods of rTMS applied over the facial motor cortex, using protocols differing in stimulation frequency, duration, and train pattern
Säisänen, Laura; Huttunen, Jukka; Hyppönen, Jelena; Nissen, Mette; Kotiranta, Ulla; Mervaala, Esa; Fraunberg, Mikael von und zu. 2022. Neurophysiologie clinique-clinical neurophysiology. 52: 95-108 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Minimum-Norm Estimation of TMS-Activated Motor Cortical Sites in Realistic Head and Brain Geometry
Reijonen, Jusa; Säisänen, Laura; Pitkänen, Minna; Julkunen, Meri; Ilmoniemi, Risto J; Nieminen, Petteri; Julkunen, Petro. 2022. IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering. 30: 441-454 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
The effect of shunt surgery on corticospinal excitability in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study
Sirkka, Jani; Säisänen, Laura; Julkunen, Petro; Könönen, Mervi; Kallioniemi, Elisa; Leinonen, Ville; Danner, Nils. 2022. Fluids and barriers of the cns. 19: . 89 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Mapping of Motor Function with Neuronavigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Review on Clinical Application in Brain Tumors and Methods for Ensuring Feasible Accuracy
Sollmann, Nico; Krieg, Sandro M; Säisänen, Laura; Julkunen, Petro. 2021. Brain sciences. 11: 897 A2 Review article, Literature review, Systematic review
Upper limb dysfunction and activities in daily living in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Sirkka, Jani; Parviainen, Marita; Jyrkkänen, Henna-Kaisa; Koivisto, Anne M.; Säisänen, Laura; Rauramaa, Tuomas; Leinonen, Ville; Danner, Nils. 2021. Acta neurochirurgica. 163: 2675-2683 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Wearable monitoring of positive and negative myoclonus in progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1
Rissanen, Saara M; Hyppönen, Jelena; Silvennoinen, Katri; Säisänen, Laura; Karjalainen, Pasi A; Mervaala, Esa; Kälviäinen, Reetta. 2021. Clinical neurophysiology. 132: 2464-2472 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Corticospinal Excitability in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study
Sirkka, J; Säisänen, L; Julkunen, P; Könönen, M; Kallioniemi, E; Leinonen, V; Danner, N. 2020. Fluids and barriers of the cns. 17: 6 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Primary hand motor representation areas in healthy children, preadolescents, adolescents, and adults
Säisänen, Laura; Könönen, Mervi; Niskanen, Eini; Lakka, Timo; Lintu, Niina; Vanninen, Ritva; Julkunen, Petro; Määttä, Sara. 2020. Neuroimage. 2021; 228: 117702 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Functional and structural asymmetry in primary motor cortex in Asperger syndrome: a navigated TMS and imaging study
Säisänen, L; Määttä, S; Julkunen, P; Niskanen, E; Kallioniemi, E; Gröhn, H; Kemppainen, S; Lakka, TA; Lintu, N; Eloranta, AM; Vanninen, R; Makkonen, I; Könönen, M. 2019. Brain topography. 32: 504-518 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Interaction between repetition suppression in motor activation and long-interval intracortical inhibition
Kariminezhad, S; Karhu, J; Säisänen, L; Könönen, M; Julkunen, P. 2019. Scientific reports. 9: 11543 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Maturation changes the excitability and effective connectivity of the frontal lobe: A developmental TMS-EEG study
Määttä, S; Säisänen, L; Kallioniemi, E; Lakka, TA; Lintu, N; Haapala, EA; Koskenkorva, P; Niskanen, E; Ferreri, F; Könönen, M. 2019. Human brain mapping. 40: 2320-2335 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
The effect of coil placement and orientation on the assessment of focal excitability in motor mapping with navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation
Reijonen, Jusa; Säisänen, Laura; Könönen, Mervi; Mohammadi, Ali; Julkunen, Petro. 2019. Journal of neuroscience methods. 331: 108521 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Transkraniaalinen magneettistimulaatio osana kivunhoitoa
Vaalto, Seija; Säisänen, Laura. 2019. KIPUVIESTI. 22: 24-28 D1 Article in a trade journal
Development of corticospinal motor excitability and cortical silent period from mid-childhood to adulthood - a navigated TMS study
Säisänen, Laura; Julkunen, Petro; Lakka, Timo; Lindi, Virpi; Könönen, Mervi; Määttä; Sara. 2018. Neurophysiologie clinique-clinical neurophysiology. 48: 65-75 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Development of cortical motor circuits between childhood and adulthood: A navigated TMS-HdEEG study
Määttä S, Könönen M, Kallioniemi E, Lakka T, Lintu N, Lindi V, Ferreri F, Ponzo D, Säisänen L. 2017. Human brain mapping. 38: 2599-2615 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Functional and structural cortical characteristics after restricted focal motor cortical infarction evaluated at chronic stage : Indications from a preliminary study
Julkunen Petro, Määttä Sara, Säisänen Laura, Kallioniemi Elisa, Könönen Mervi, Jäkälä Pekka, Vanninen Ritva, Vaalto Selja. 2016. Clinical neurophysiology. 127: 2775-2784 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Increased Inhibition in Non-Primary Motor Areas of String-Instrument Players: A Preliminary Study with Paired-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Vaalto Selja, Julkunen Petro, Säisänen Laura, Könönen Mervi, Määttä Sara, Karhu Jari. 2016. Brain plasticity. 1: 223-234 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Longitudinal study on modulated corticospinal excitability throughout recovery in supratentorial stroke
Julkunen Petro, Könönen Mervi, Määttä Sara, Tarkka Ina M, Hiekkala Sinikka H, Säisänen Laura, Vanninen Ritva, Karhu Jari, Jäkälä Pekka. 2016. Neuroscience letters. 617: 88-93 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Functional neuronal anisotropy assessed with neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation
Kallioniemi Elisa, Könönen Mervi, Säisänen Laura, Gröhn Heidi, Julkunen Petro. 2015. Journal of neuroscience methods. 256: 82-90 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Input-Output Characteristics of Late Corticospinal Silent Period Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Kallioniemi Elisa, Säisänen Laura, Pitkänen Minna, Könönen Mervi, Karhu Jari, Julkunen Petro. 2015. Journal of clinical neurophysiology. 32: 346-351 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Locating and Outlining the Cortical Motor Representation Areas of Facial Muscles With Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Säisänen Laura, Julkunen Petro, Kemppainen Samuli, Danner Nils, Immonen Arto, Mervaala Esa, Määttä Sara, Muraja-Murro Anu, Könönen Mervi. 2015. Neurosurgery. 77: 394-405 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Motor cortical alterations in children with Asperger's syndrome studied with navigated TMS
Säisänen Laura, Könönen Mervi, Anttonen Meri, Niskanen Eini, Lintu Niina, Lindi Virpi, Lakka Timo, Vanninen Ritva, Makkonen Ismo, Julkunen Petro, Määttä Sara. 2015.
Non-invasive mapping of bilateral motor speech areas using navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation and functional magnetic resonance imaging
Könönen Mervi, Tamsi Niko, Säisänen Laura, Kemppainen Samuli, Määttä Sara, Julkunen Petro, Jutila Leena, Äikiä Marja, Kälviäinen Reetta, Niskanen Eini, Vanninen Ritva, Karjalainen Pasi, Mervaala Esa. 2015. Journal of neuroscience methods. 248: 32-40 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Onset Latency of Motor Evoked Potentials in Motor Cortical Mapping with Neuronavigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Kallioniemi Elisa, Pitkänen Minna, Säisänen Laura, Julkunen Petro. 2015. The Open neurology journal. 9: 62-69 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
On the estimation of silent period thresholds in transcranial magnetic stimulation
Kallioniemi Elisa, Säisänen Laura, Könönen Mervi, Awiszus Friedemann, Julkunen Petro. 2014. Clinical neurophysiology. 125: 2247-2252 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Alterations of motor cortical excitability and anatomy in Unverricht-Lundborg disease
Danner N, Julkunen P, Hyppönen J, Niskanen E, Säisänen L, Könönen M, Koskenkorva P, Vanninen R, Kälviäinen R, Mervaala E. 2013. Movement disorders. 28: 1860-1867 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Feasibility of automated analysis and inter-examiner variability of cortical silent period induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation
Julkunen P, Kallioniemi E, Könönen M, Säisänen L. 2013. Journal of neuroscience methods. 217: 75-81 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Long-term plasticity may be manifested as reduction or expansion of cortical representations of actively used muscles in motor skill specialists
Vaalto S, Julkunen P, Säisänen L, Könönen M, Määttä S, Karhu J. 2013. Neuroreport. 24: 596-600 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
TMS-EEG reveals impaired intracortical interactions and coherence in Unverricht-Lundborg type progressive myoclonus epilepsy (EPM1)
Julkunen P, Säisänen L, Könönen M, Vanninen R, Kälviäinen R, Mervaala E. 2013. Epilepsy research. S0920-1211: 00103-4 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Does second-scale intertrial interval affect motor evoked potentials induced by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation?
Julkunen Petro, Säisänen Laura, Hukkanen Taina, Danner Nils, Könönen Mervi. 2012. Brain stimulation. 5: 526-532 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Effect of individual anatomy on resting motor trheshold-computed electric field as a measure of cortical excitability
Danner Nils, Könönen Mervi, Säisänen Laura, Laitinen Rita, Mervaala Esa, Julkunen Petro. 2012. Journal of neuroscience methods. 203: 298-304 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
The effect of fMRI task combinations on determining the hemispheric dominance of language functions
Niskanen E, Könönen M, Villberg V, Nissi M, Ranta-aho P, Säisänen L, Karjalainen P, Äikiä M, Kälviäinen R, Mervaala E, Vanninen R. 2012. Neuroradiology. 54: 393-405 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Within-subject effect of coil-to-cortex distance on cortical electric field threshold and motor evoked potentials in transcranial magnetic stimulation
Julkunen Petro, Säisänen Laura, Danner Nils, Awiszus Friedemann, Könönen Mervi. 2012. Journal of neuroscience methods. 206: 158-164 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Human Motor Cortex Function Characterized by Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Säisänen Laura. 2011. Publications of the University of Eastern Finland. Dissertations in Health Sciences G5 Doctoral dissertation (article)
Motor cortical plasticity is impaired in Unverrich-Lundborg disease
Danner Nils, Säisänen Laura, Määttä Sara, Julkunen Petro, Hukkanen Taina, Könönen Mervi, Hyppönen Jelena, Kälviäinen Reetta, Mervaala Esa. 2011. Movement disorders. 26: 2095-2100 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Short- and intermediate-interval cortical inhibition and facilitation assessed by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation
Säisänen Laura, Julkuenn Petro, Niskanen Eini, Hukkanen Taina, Mervaala Esa, Karhu Jari, Könönen Mervi. 2011. Journal of neuroscience methods. 195: 241-248 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Threshold curves for transcranial magnetic stimulation to improve reliability of motor pathway status assessment
Julkunen Petro, Ruohonen Jarmo, Sääskilahti Saara, Säisänen Laura, Karhu Jari. 2011. Clinical neurophysiology. 122: 975-983 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Group-level variations in motor representation areas of thenar and anterior tibial muscles: Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study
Niskanen Eini, Julkunen Petro, Säisänen Laura, Vanninen Ritva, Karjalainen Pasi, Könönen Mervi. 2010. Human brain mapping. 31: 1272-1280 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Non-invasive preoperative localization of primary motor cortex in epilepsy surgery by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation
Säisänen L, Könönen M, Julkunen P, Määttä S, Vanninen R, Immonen A, Jutila L, Kälviäinen R, Jääskeläinen JE & Mervaala E. 2010. Epilepsy research. 92: 134-144 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Altered cortical inhibition in Unverricht-Lundborg type progressive myoclonus epilepsy (EPM1)
Danner N, Julkunen P, Khyuppenen J, Hukkanen T, Könönen M, Säisänen L, Koskenkorva P, Vanninen R, Lehesjoki AE, Kälviäinen R, Mervaala E, Könönen M. 2009. Epilepsy research. 85: 81-88 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Comparison of navigated and non-navigated transcranial megnetic stimulation for motor cortex mapping, motor threshold and motor evoked potentials
Julkunen P, Säisänen L, Danner N, Niskanen E, Hukkanen T, Mervaala E, Könönen M, Könönen M. 2009. Neuroimage. 44: 790-795 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Effect of electrode cap on measured cortical motor threshold
Julkunen Petro, Säisänen Laura, Sarasti Maria, Könönen Mervi. 2009. Journal of neuroscience methods. 176: 225-229 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Factors influencing cortical silent period: Optimized stimulus location, intensity and muscle contraction
Säisänen L, Pirinen E, Teitti S, Könönen M, Julkunen P, Määttä S, Karhu J, Könönen M. 2008. Journal of neuroscience methods. 169: 231-238 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Motor potentials evoked by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation in healthy subjects
Säisänen L, Julkunen P, Niskanen E, Danner N, Hukkanen T, Lohioja T, Nurkkala J, Mervaala E, Karhu J, Könönen M. 2008. Journal of clinical neurophysiology. 25: 367-372 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation and computed electric field strength reduce stimulator-dependent differences in the motor threshold
Danner N, Julkunen P, Könönen M, Könönen M, Säisänen L, Nurkkala J, Karhu J. 2008. Journal of neuroscience methods. 174: 116-122 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research
Non-primary motor areas in the human frontal lobe are connected directly to hand muscles
Teitti S, Määttä S, Säisänen L, Könönen M, Vanninen R, Hannula H, Mervaala E, Karhu J, Könönen Mervi. 2008. Neuroimage. 40: 1243-1250 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

University of Eastern Finland Joensuu, Kuopio © University of Eastern Finland

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Laura Säisänen

Research groups

Keywords

Associations of physical fitness with cortical inhibition and excitation in adolescents and young adults

Hyaluronic Acid and Large Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Synovial Fluid and Plasma of Patients With End-Stage Arthritis: Positive Association of EVs to Joint Pain

Tetraspanin profiles of serum extracellular vesicles reflect functional limitations and pain perception in knee osteoarthritis

The Effect of Stimulation Intensity, Sampling Frequency, and Sample Synchronization in TMS-EEG on the TMS Pulse Artifact Amplitude and Duration

Associations between physical fitness and cerebellar gray matter volume in adolescents

Detecting negative myoclonus during long-term home measurements using wearables

Developmental models of motor-evoked potential features by transcranial magnetic stimulation across age groups from childhood to adulthood

Near-threshold recruitment characteristics of motor evoked potentials in transcranial magnetic stimulation

Efficacy and tolerability in patients with chronic facial pain of two consecutive treatment periods of rTMS applied over the facial motor cortex, using protocols differing in stimulation frequency, duration, and train pattern

Minimum-Norm Estimation of TMS-Activated Motor Cortical Sites in Realistic Head and Brain Geometry

The effect of shunt surgery on corticospinal excitability in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a transcranial magnetic stimulation study

Mapping of Motor Function with Neuronavigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: A Review on Clinical Application in Brain Tumors and Methods for Ensuring Feasible Accuracy

Upper limb dysfunction and activities in daily living in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

Wearable monitoring of positive and negative myoclonus in progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1

Corticospinal Excitability in Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

Primary hand motor representation areas in healthy children, preadolescents, adolescents, and adults

Functional and structural asymmetry in primary motor cortex in Asperger syndrome: a navigated TMS and imaging study

Interaction between repetition suppression in motor activation and long-interval intracortical inhibition

Maturation changes the excitability and effective connectivity of the frontal lobe: A developmental TMS-EEG study

The effect of coil placement and orientation on the assessment of focal excitability in motor mapping with navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation

Transkraniaalinen magneettistimulaatio osana kivunhoitoa

Development of corticospinal motor excitability and cortical silent period from mid-childhood to adulthood - a navigated TMS study

Development of cortical motor circuits between childhood and adulthood: A navigated TMS-HdEEG study

Functional and structural cortical characteristics after restricted focal motor cortical infarction evaluated at chronic stage : Indications from a preliminary study

Increased Inhibition in Non-Primary Motor Areas of String-Instrument Players: A Preliminary Study with Paired-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Longitudinal study on modulated corticospinal excitability throughout recovery in supratentorial stroke

Functional neuronal anisotropy assessed with neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation

Input-Output Characteristics of Late Corticospinal Silent Period Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Locating and Outlining the Cortical Motor Representation Areas of Facial Muscles With Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Motor cortical alterations in children with Asperger's syndrome studied with navigated TMS

Non-invasive mapping of bilateral motor speech areas using navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation and functional magnetic resonance imaging

Onset Latency of Motor Evoked Potentials in Motor Cortical Mapping with Neuronavigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

On the estimation of silent period thresholds in transcranial magnetic stimulation

Alterations of motor cortical excitability and anatomy in Unverricht-Lundborg disease

Feasibility of automated analysis and inter-examiner variability of cortical silent period induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation

Long-term plasticity may be manifested as reduction or expansion of cortical representations of actively used muscles in motor skill specialists

TMS-EEG reveals impaired intracortical interactions and coherence in Unverricht-Lundborg type progressive myoclonus epilepsy (EPM1)

Does second-scale intertrial interval affect motor evoked potentials induced by single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation?

Effect of individual anatomy on resting motor trheshold-computed electric field as a measure of cortical excitability

The effect of fMRI task combinations on determining the hemispheric dominance of language functions

Within-subject effect of coil-to-cortex distance on cortical electric field threshold and motor evoked potentials in transcranial magnetic stimulation

Human Motor Cortex Function Characterized by Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Motor cortical plasticity is impaired in Unverrich-Lundborg disease

Short- and intermediate-interval cortical inhibition and facilitation assessed by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation

Threshold curves for transcranial magnetic stimulation to improve reliability of motor pathway status assessment

Group-level variations in motor representation areas of thenar and anterior tibial muscles: Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study

Non-invasive preoperative localization of primary motor cortex in epilepsy surgery by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation

Altered cortical inhibition in Unverricht-Lundborg type progressive myoclonus epilepsy (EPM1)

Comparison of navigated and non-navigated transcranial megnetic stimulation for motor cortex mapping, motor threshold and motor evoked potentials

Effect of electrode cap on measured cortical motor threshold

Factors influencing cortical silent period: Optimized stimulus location, intensity and muscle contraction

Motor potentials evoked by navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation in healthy subjects

Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation and computed electric field strength reduce stimulator-dependent differences in the motor threshold

Non-primary motor areas in the human frontal lobe are connected directly to hand muscles