Pedro Andrade de Abreu

Mitigation of Acute Seizures and Neuropathology after Traumatic Brain Injury by Structure-Based Discovery-Identified Drugs

Kajevu, Natallie; Banuelos, Ivette; Andrade, Pedro; Hämäläinen, Elina; Sabatier, Laureano; Couyoupetrou, Manuel; Villalba, María Luisa; Gavernet, Luciana; Lipponen, Anssi; Natunen, Teemu; Puhakka, Noora; Hiltunen, Mikko; Talevi, Alan; Pitkänen, Asla. 2025. Journal of neurotrauma. [Published Online: 17 April 2025]: 1-20 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Brain abscess – A rare confounding factor for diagnosis of post-traumatic epilepsy after lateral fluid-percussion injury

Kyyriäinen, Jenni; Andrade, Pedro; Ekolle Ndode-Ekane, Xavier; Manninen, Eppu; Hämäläinen, Elina; Rauramaa, Tuomas; Heiskanen, Mette; Puhakka, Noora; Immonen, Riikka; Pitkänen, Asla. 2024. Epilepsy research. 200: A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Plasma microRNAs as prognostic biomarkers for development of severe epilepsy after experimental traumatic brain injury —EpiBioS4Rx Project 1 study

Heiskanen, Mette; Ndode‐Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Ali, Idrish; Santana‐Gomez, Cesar; Puhakka, Noora; Gupta, Shalini Das; Andrade, Pedro; Immonen, Riikka; Casillas‐Espinosa, Pablo; Manninen, Eppu; Smith, Gregory; Brady, Rhys D.; Silva, Juliana; Braine, Emma; Hudson, Matt; Yamakawa, Glen R.; Jones, Nigel C.; Shultz, Sandy R.; Harris, Neil G.; Wright, David K.; Gröhn, Olli; Staba, Richard J.; O'Brien, Terence J.; Pitkänen, Asla. 2024. Epilepsia. [First published: 11 December 2024]: 1-16 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Plasma neurofilament heavy chain is a prognostic biomarker for the development of severe epilepsy after experimental traumatic brain injury

Heiskanen, Mette; Banuelos, Ivette; Manninen, Eppu; Andrade, Pedro; Hämäläinen, Elina; Puhakka, Noora; Pitkänen, Asla. 2024. Epilepsia. 65: 3703-3716 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Discovery and Validation of Circulating microRNAs as Biomarkers for Epileptogenesis after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury–The EPITARGET Cohort

Heiskanen, Mette; Das Gupta, Shalini; Mills, James D; van Vliet, Erwin A; Manninen, Eppu; Ciszek, Robert; Andrade, Pedro; Puhakka, Noora; Aronica, Eleonora; Pitkänen, Asla. 2023. International journal of molecular sciences. 24: A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Epilepsy phenotype and its reproducibility after lateral fluid percussion‐induced traumatic brain injury in rats: Multicenter EpiBioS4Rx study project 1

Ndode‐Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Ali, Idrish; Santana‐Gomez, Cesar; Andrade, Pedro; Immonen, Riikka; Casillas‐Espinosa, Pablo; Paananen, Tomi; Manninen, Eppu; Puhakka, Noora; Smith, Gregory; Brady, Rhys D; Silva, Juliana; Braine, Emma; Hudson, Matt; Yamakawa, Glen R; Jones, Nigel C; Shultz, Sandy R; Harris, Neil; Wright, David K; Gröhn, Olli; Staba, Richard; O'Brien, Terence J; Pitkänen, Asla. 2023. Epilepsia. 2024; 65: 511-526 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Image data harmonization tools for the analysis of post-traumatic epilepsy development in preclinical multisite MRI studies

Bhagavatula, Sweta; Cabeen, Ryan; Harris, Neil G.; Gröhn, Olli; Wright, David K.; Garner, Rachael; Bennett, Alexis; Alba, Celina; Martinez, Aubrey; Ndode-Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Andrade, Pedro; Paananen, Tomi; Ciszek, Robert; Immonen, Riikka; Manninen, Eppu; Puhakka, Noora; Tohka, Jussi; Heiskanen, Mette; Ali, Idrish; Shultz, Sandy R.; Casillas-Espinosa, Pablo M.; Yamakawa, Glenn R.; Jones, Nigel C.; Hudson, Matthew R.; Silva, Juliana C.; Braine, Emma L.; Brady, Rhys D.; Santana-Gomez, Cesar E.; S. 2023. Epilepsy research. 195: A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Sleep Disturbance and Severe Hydrocephalus in a Normally Behaving Wistar Rat With Traumatic Brain Injury

Kyyriäinen, Jenni; Andrade, Pedro; Hämäläinen, Elina; Pitkänen, Asla. 2023. Neurotrauma reports. 4: 384-395 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Successful harmonization in EpiBioS4Rx biomarker study on post-traumatic epilepsy paves the way towards powered preclinical multicenter studies

Ndode-Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Ali, Idrish; Santana-Gomez, Cesar E; Casillas-Espinosa, Pablo M; Andrade, Pedro; Smith, Gregory; Paananen, Tomi; Manninen, Eppu; Immonen, Riikka; Puhakka, Noora; Ciszek, Robert; Hämäläinen, Elina; Brady, Rhys D; Silva, Juliana; Braine, Emma; Hudson, Matthew R; Yamakawa, Glenn; Jones, Nigel C; Shultz, Sandy R; Wright, David; Harris, Neil; Gröhn, Olli; Staba, Richard J; O’Brien, Terence J; Pitkänen, Asla. 2023. Epilepsy research. 2024; 199: A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Treatment of Status Epilepticus after Traumatic Brain Injury Using an Antiseizure Drug Combined with a Tissue Recovery Enhancer Revealed by Systems Biology

Kajevu, Natallie; Lipponen, Anssi; Andrade, Pedro; Bañuelos, Ivette; Puhakka, Noora; Hämäläinen, Elina; Natunen, Teemu; Hiltunen, Mikko; Pitkänen, Asla. 2023. International journal of molecular sciences. 24: . 14049 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Acute Hippocampal Damage as a Prognostic Biomarker for Cognitive Decline but Not for Epileptogenesis after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

Manninen, Eppu; Chary, Karthik; De Feo, Riccardo; Hämäläinen, Elina; Andrade, Pedro; Paananen, Tomi; Sierra, Alejandra; Tohka, Jussi; Gröhn, Olli; Pitkänen, Asla. 2022. Biomedicines. 10: A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Hippocampal position and orientation as prognostic biomarkers for posttraumatic epileptogenesis: An experimental study in a rat lateral fluid percussion model

De Feo, Riccardo; Manninen, Eppu; Chary, Karthik; Hämäläinen, Elina; Immonen, Riikka; Andrade, Pedro; Ndode‐Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Gröhn, Olli; Pitkänen, Asla; Tohka, Jussi. 2022. Epilepsia. 63: 1849-1861 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

MRI-Guided Electrode Implantation for Chronic Intracerebral Recordings in a Rat Model of Post−Traumatic Epilepsy—Challenges and Gains

Ndode-Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Immonen, Riikka; Hämäläinen, Elina; Manninen, Eppu; Andrade, Pedro; Ciszek, Robert; Paananen, Tomi; Gröhn, Olli; Pitkänen, Asla. 2022. Biomedicines. 10: A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain (NF-L) Is a Prognostic Biomarker for Cortical Damage Evolution but Not for Cognitive Impairment or Epileptogenesis Following Experimental TBI

Heiskanen, Mette; Jääskeläinen, Olli; Manninen, Eppu; Das Gupta, Shalini; Andrade, Pedro; Ciszek, Robert; Gröhn, Olli; Herukka, Sanna-Kaisa; Puhakka, Noora; Pitkänen, Asla. 2022. International journal of molecular sciences. 23: A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Seizure Susceptibility and Sleep Disturbance as Biomarkers of Epileptogenesis after Experimental TBI

Andrade, Pedro; Lara-Valderrábano, Leonardo; Manninen, Eppu; Ciszek, Robert; Tapiala, Jesse; Ndode-Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Pitkänen, Asla. 2022. Biomedicines. 10: A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Ultrasonic vocalizations – Novel seizure-related manifestation in rats

Lara-Valderrábano, Leonardo; Ciszek, Robert; Bañuelos-Cabrera, Ivette; Andrade, Pedro; Pitkänen, Asla. 2022. Epilepsy research. 183: A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Acute thalamic damage as a prognostic biomarker for post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Manninen, Eppu; Chary, Karthik; Lapinlampi, Niina; Andrade, Pedro; Paananen, Tomi; Sierra, Alejandra; Tohka, Jussi; Gröhn, Olli; Pitkänen, Asla. 2021. Epilepsia. 62: 1852-1864 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Biomarkers for posttraumatic epilepsy

Pitkänen, Asla; Paananen, Tomi; Kyyriäinen, Jenni; Das Gupta, Shalini; Heiskanen, Mette; Vuokila, Niina; Bañuelos-Cabrera, Ivette; Lapinlampi, Niina; Kajevu, Natallie; Andrade, Pedro; Ciszek, Robert; Lara-Valderrábano, Leonardo; Ekolle Ndode-Ekane, Xavier; Puhakka, Noora. 2021. Epilepsy and behavior. 121: 107080 A2 Katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Peripheral Infection after Traumatic Brain Injury Augments Excitability in the Perilesional Cortex and Dentate Gyrus

Wang, Ying; Andrade, Pedro; Pitkänen Asta. 2021. Biomedicines. 9: 1946 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Post-injury ventricular enlargement associates with iron in choroid plexus but not with seizure susceptibility nor lesion atrophy - 6-month MRI follow-up after experimental traumatic brain injury

Yasmin, Amna; Pitkänen, Asla; Andrade, Pedro; Paananen, Tomi; Gröhn, Olli; Immonen, Riikka. 2021. Brain structure and function. 2022; 227: 145-158 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Early increase in cortical T2 relaxation is a prognostic biomarker for the evolution of severe cortical damage, but not for epileptogenesis, after experimental traumatic brain injury

Manninen, Eppu Matias; Chary, Karthik; Lapinlampi, Niina; Andrade, Pedro; Paananen, Tomi; Sierra Lopez, Alejandra; Tohka, Jussi; Gröhn, Olli; Pitkanen, Asla. 2020. Journal of neurotrauma. 37: 2580-2594 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Long-lasting blood-brain barrier dysfunction and neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury

van Vliet, Erwin A; Ndode-Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Lehto, Lauri J; Gorter, Jan A; Andrade, Pedro; Aronica, Eleonora; Gröhn, Olli; Pitkänen, Asla. 2020. Neurobiology of disease. 145: 1-20 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Postinjury weight rather than cognitive or behavioral impairment predicts development of posttraumatic epilepsy after lateral fluid-percussion injury in rats

Lapinlampi, N; Andrade, P; Paananen, T; Hämäläinen, E; Ekolle Ndode-Ekane, X; Puhakka, N; Pitkänen, A. 2020. Epilepsia. 61: 2035-2052 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Acute non-convulsive status epilepticus after experimental traumatic brain injury in rats

Andrade, Pedro; Banuelos-Cabrera, Ivette; Lapinlampi, Niina; Paananen, Tomi; Ciszek, Robert; Ndode-Ekane, Xavier Ekolle; Pitkanen, Asla. 2019. Journal of neurotrauma. 36: 1890-1907 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Harmonization of lateral fluid-percussion injury model production and post-injury monitoring in a preclinical multicenter biomarker discovery study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Ndode-Ekane, XE; Santana-Gomez, C; Casillas-Espinosa, PM; Ali, I; Brady, RD; Smith, G; Andrade, P; Immonen, R; Puhakka, N; Hudson, MR; Braine, EL; Shultz, SR; Staba, RJ; O'Brien, TJ; Pitkänen, A. 2019. Epilepsy research. 151: 7-16 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Harmonization of pipeline for detection of HFOs in a rat model of post-traumatic epilepsy in preclinical multicenter study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Santana-Gomez, C; Andrade, P; Hudson, MR; Paananen, T; Ciszek, R; Smith, G; Ali, I; Rundle, BK; Ndode-Ekane, XE; Casillas-Espinosa, PM; Immonen, R; Puhakka, N; Jones, N; Brady, RD; Perucca, P; Shultz, SR; Pitkänen, A; O'Brien, TJ; Staba, R. 2019. Epilepsy research. 156: 106110 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Harmonization of pipeline for preclinical multicenter MRI biomarker discovery in a rat model of post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Immonen, R; Smith, G; Brady, RD; Wright, D; Johnston, L; Harris, NG; Manninen, E; Salo, R; Branch, C; Duncan, D; Cabeen, R; Ndode-Ekane, XE; Gomez, CS; Casillas-Espinosa, PM; Ali, I; Shultz, SR; Andrade, P; Puhakka, N; Staba, RJ; O'Brien, TJ; et al.. 2019. Epilepsy research. 150: 46-57 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Harmonization of the pipeline for seizure detection to phenotype post-traumatic epilepsy in a preclinical multicenter study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Casillas-Espinosa, PM; Andrade, P; Santana-Gomez, C; Paananen, T; Smith, G; Ali, I; Ciszek, R; Ndode-Ekane, XE; Brady, RD; Tohka, J; Hudson, MR; Perucca, P; Braine, EL; Immonen, R; Puhakka, N; Shultz, SR; Jones, NC; Staba, RJ; Pitkänen, A; O'Brien, TJ. 2019. Epilepsy research. 156: 106131 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Partial depletion of septohippocampal cholinergic cells reduces seizure susceptibility, but does not mitigate hippocampal neurodegeneration in the kainate model of epilepsy

Soares, JI; Da Costa, C; Ferreira, MH; Andrade, PA; Maia, GH; Lukoyanov, NV. 2019. Brain research. 1717: 235-246 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Web Application for Quantification of Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Cortical Lesions in Adult Mice

Ciszek, R; Andrade, P; Tapiala, J; Pitkänen, A; Ndode-Ekane, XE. 2019. Neuroinformatics. 2020; 18: 307-317 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

A web-based application for generating 2D-unfolded cortical maps to analyze the location and extent of cortical lesions following traumatic brain injury in adult rats

Andrade, Pedro; Ciszek, Robert; Pitkänen, Asla; Ndode-Ekane, Xavier Ekolle. 2018. Journal of neuroscience methods. 308: 330-336 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Algorithm for automatic detection of spontaneous seizures in rats with post-traumatic epilepsy

Andrade, Pedro; Paananen, Tomi; Ciszek, Robert; Lapinlampi, Niina; Pitkänen, Asla. 2018. Journal of neuroscience methods. 307: 37-45 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Harmonization of pipeline for preclinical multicenter plasma protein and miRNA biomarker discovery in a rat model of post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Kamnaksh, A; Puhakka, N; Ali, I; Smith, G; Aniceto, R; McCullough, J; Das Gupta, S; Ndode-Ekane, XE; Brady, R; Casillas-Espinosa, P; Hudson, M; Santana-Gomez, C; Immonen, R; Abreu, PA; Jones, N; Shultz, S; Staba, RJ; O'Brien, TJ; Agoston, D; Pitkänen, A. 2018. Epilepsy research. 2019; 149: 92-101 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Informatics tools to assess the success of procedural harmonization in preclinical multicenter biomarker discovery study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Ciszek, R; Ndode-Ekane, XE; Gomez, CS; Casillas-Espinosa, PM; Ali, I; Smith, G; Puhakka, N; Lapinlampi, N; Andrade, P; Kamnaksh, A; Immonen, R; Paananen, T; Hudson, MR; Brady, RD; Shultz, SR; O'Brien, TJ; Staba, RJ; Tohka, J; Pitkänen, A. 2018. Epilepsy research. 2019; 150: 17-26 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Disease-modifying effect of atipamezole in a model of post-traumatic epilepsy

Nissinen J, Andrade P, Natunen T, Hiltunen M, Malm T, Kanninen K, Soares JI, Shatilloa O, Sallinen J, Ndode-Ekanea XE, Pitkänen A. 2017. Epilepsy research. 136: 18-34 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Epilepsy After Traumatic Brain Injury

Pitkänen Asla, Kyyriäinen Jenni, Andrade Pedro, Pasanen Lotta, Ndode-Ekane Xavier Ekolle. Teoksessa: Pitkänen Asla, Buckmaster Paul S, Galanopoulou Aristea S, Moshé Solomon L(toim.) , 2017. Models of Seizures and Epilepsy (Second Edition). s. 661-681. Elsevier A3 Kirjan tai muun kokoomateoksen osa

Generalized Seizures after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury Occur at the Transition from Slow-Wave to Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep

Andrade Pedro, Nissinen Jari, Pitkanen Asla. 2017. Journal of neurotrauma. 34: 1482-1487 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Reorganization of the septohippocampal cholinergic fiber system in experimental epilepsy

Soares JI, Valente MC, Andrade PA, Maia GH, Lukoyanov NV. 2017. Journal of comparative neurology. 525: 2690-2705 A1 Alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä aikakauslehdessä

Tarkenna hakuasi

Pedro Andrade de Abreu

Tutkimusryhmät

Mitigation of Acute Seizures and Neuropathology after Traumatic Brain Injury by Structure-Based Discovery-Identified Drugs

Brain abscess – A rare confounding factor for diagnosis of post-traumatic epilepsy after lateral fluid-percussion injury

Plasma microRNAs as prognostic biomarkers for development of severe epilepsy after experimental traumatic brain injury —EpiBioS4Rx Project 1 study

Plasma neurofilament heavy chain is a prognostic biomarker for the development of severe epilepsy after experimental traumatic brain injury

Discovery and Validation of Circulating microRNAs as Biomarkers for Epileptogenesis after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury–The EPITARGET Cohort

Epilepsy phenotype and its reproducibility after lateral fluid percussion‐induced traumatic brain injury in rats: Multicenter EpiBioS4Rx study project 1

Image data harmonization tools for the analysis of post-traumatic epilepsy development in preclinical multisite MRI studies

Sleep Disturbance and Severe Hydrocephalus in a Normally Behaving Wistar Rat With Traumatic Brain Injury

Successful harmonization in EpiBioS4Rx biomarker study on post-traumatic epilepsy paves the way towards powered preclinical multicenter studies

Treatment of Status Epilepticus after Traumatic Brain Injury Using an Antiseizure Drug Combined with a Tissue Recovery Enhancer Revealed by Systems Biology

Acute Hippocampal Damage as a Prognostic Biomarker for Cognitive Decline but Not for Epileptogenesis after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury

Hippocampal position and orientation as prognostic biomarkers for posttraumatic epileptogenesis: An experimental study in a rat lateral fluid percussion model

MRI-Guided Electrode Implantation for Chronic Intracerebral Recordings in a Rat Model of Post−Traumatic Epilepsy—Challenges and Gains

Plasma Neurofilament Light Chain (NF-L) Is a Prognostic Biomarker for Cortical Damage Evolution but Not for Cognitive Impairment or Epileptogenesis Following Experimental TBI

Seizure Susceptibility and Sleep Disturbance as Biomarkers of Epileptogenesis after Experimental TBI

Ultrasonic vocalizations – Novel seizure-related manifestation in rats

Acute thalamic damage as a prognostic biomarker for post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Biomarkers for posttraumatic epilepsy

Peripheral Infection after Traumatic Brain Injury Augments Excitability in the Perilesional Cortex and Dentate Gyrus

Post-injury ventricular enlargement associates with iron in choroid plexus but not with seizure susceptibility nor lesion atrophy - 6-month MRI follow-up after experimental traumatic brain injury

Early increase in cortical T2 relaxation is a prognostic biomarker for the evolution of severe cortical damage, but not for epileptogenesis, after experimental traumatic brain injury

Long-lasting blood-brain barrier dysfunction and neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury

Postinjury weight rather than cognitive or behavioral impairment predicts development of posttraumatic epilepsy after lateral fluid-percussion injury in rats

Acute non-convulsive status epilepticus after experimental traumatic brain injury in rats

Harmonization of lateral fluid-percussion injury model production and post-injury monitoring in a preclinical multicenter biomarker discovery study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Harmonization of pipeline for detection of HFOs in a rat model of post-traumatic epilepsy in preclinical multicenter study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Harmonization of pipeline for preclinical multicenter MRI biomarker discovery in a rat model of post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Harmonization of the pipeline for seizure detection to phenotype post-traumatic epilepsy in a preclinical multicenter study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Partial depletion of septohippocampal cholinergic cells reduces seizure susceptibility, but does not mitigate hippocampal neurodegeneration in the kainate model of epilepsy

Web Application for Quantification of Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Cortical Lesions in Adult Mice

A web-based application for generating 2D-unfolded cortical maps to analyze the location and extent of cortical lesions following traumatic brain injury in adult rats

Algorithm for automatic detection of spontaneous seizures in rats with post-traumatic epilepsy

Harmonization of pipeline for preclinical multicenter plasma protein and miRNA biomarker discovery in a rat model of post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Informatics tools to assess the success of procedural harmonization in preclinical multicenter biomarker discovery study on post-traumatic epileptogenesis

Disease-modifying effect of atipamezole in a model of post-traumatic epilepsy

Epilepsy After Traumatic Brain Injury

Generalized Seizures after Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury Occur at the Transition from Slow-Wave to Rapid-Eye-Movement Sleep

Reorganization of the septohippocampal cholinergic fiber system in experimental epilepsy