HealthFerm study

Welcome to the study!

Fermentation = microbial-driven process that influences the taste, texture, and nutritional characteristics of the food. It has been used for thousands of years to prepare and preserve food.

Study design

In this study, participants consume both fermented and non-fermented pea- and legume-based meat alternatives over 12 weeks, divided into four three-week phases:

1. First period: Participants maintain their habitual diet.
2. Second period: Participants include study product 1 into their diet.
3. Third period: Participants return to their habitual diet.
4. Fourth period: Participants include study product 2 into their diet.

The use of research products is guided before the periods during which these products are used. The research products will replace a protein source in 1-2 meals every day.

Throughout the study, various data are collected, including blood, faeces, and urine samples. Questionnaires are used to assess food intake, stomach symptoms, perceived health, and values and attitudes. The study visits take place on weekday mornings and last around an hour (except the screening visit, which lasts for 30 minutes). At the end of the study, participants receive feedback on their habitual diet and the results of laboratory tests with reference values.

This study will provide new information on the importance of fermented plant-based products for human health, as the topic has been relatively under-researched. The knowledge gained from the study can also be utilized, among other things, in the development of fermented plant-based foods. Additionally, the results may encourage the incorporation of fermented plant-based products as part of a health-supporting diet.

Participants

People from Kuopio and the surrounding area will be included in the study. Participants will be recruited for the study for both spring and autumn 2024.

The following criteria have been defined for participants:

Inclusion criteria:

• 30–70 years
• BMI 27-35 OR waist circumference >90 cm (women) or >100 cm (men)
• At least one of the following:
  • Raised blood sugar:
    • >5.6 mmol/l
  • Raised triglyceride, total cholesterol, or LDL cholesterol, or reduced HDL cholesterol:
    • triglyseridit >1.7 mmol/l
    • total cholesterol >5.0 mmol/l
    • LDL >3.0 mmol/l
    • HDL <1.0 (men) or <1.3 (women) mmol/l
  • Hypertension:
    • systolic: >130 mmHg
    • diastolic: >85 mmHg
    • or both
  • Consuming at least one meal where the main protein source is meat, fish, or meat alternative on most days
  • Willingness to follow the intervention diets for the whole study

Exclusion criteria:

• Certain conditions requiring regular medication (e.g., type 2 diabetes, chronic liver, kidney, thyroid or gastrointestinal disease)
• Pregnancy or lactation
• Gluten-free or vegan diet
• Recent use of antibiotics (within 3 months)
• Gastrointestinal surgery (within 6 months)
• Alcohol abuse
• Regular smoking or the use of snus or nicotine bags

Suitability for the study is confirmed by a phone interview, screening blood tests and other measurements.

More info on

Doctoral researcher Vilma Liikonen

tel. 050 4776241

[email protected]

Sampling

Research nurse Eeva Lajunen

tel. 040 355 2018 (Mon-Thu 12–15)

[email protected]

Authors of the study

The study is carried out by the University of Eastern Finland and is researcher-driven.

The study is part of the international HealthFerm project, which investigates the health effects of fermented foods and aims to develop new plant-based foods. Collaborating institutions include the University of Turku, Catholic University of Leuven, Umeå University, and Zurich Institute of Technology.

The Medical Regional Research Ethics Committee of the North Savo Hospital District has reviewed and approved the research plan.

The primary funding for the study comes from the European Union’s Horizon Europe programme.