Elisa Toropainen

Melanin-Binding-Based Discovery of Topically Instilled Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors for Targeted Delivery and Prolonged Action in the Eye

Valtari, Annika; Kalinin, Stanislav; Jäntti, Janika; Vanhanen, Pekka; Martina, Hanzlikova; Arun, Tonduru; Katja, Stenberg; Tapani, Viitala; Vellonen, Kati-Sisko; Toropainen, Elisa; Ruponen, Marika; Urtti, Arto. 2025. Molecular pharmaceutics. 22: 721-732 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Comprehensive ocular and systemic pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone after subconjunctival and intravenous injections in rabbits

Valtari, Annika; Posio, Susanna; Toropainen, Elisa; Balla, Anusha; Puranen, Jooseppi; Sadeghi, Amir; Ruponen, Marika; Ranta, Veli-Pekka; Vellonen, Kati-Sisko; Urtti, Arto; del Amo, Eva M. 2024. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. 198: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Imaging, quantitation and kinetic modelling of intravitreal nanomaterials

Sadeghi, Amir; Ruponen, Marika; Puranen, Jooseppi; Cao, Shoupeng; Ridolfo, Roxane; Tavakoli, Shirin; Toropainen, Elisa; Lajunen, Tatu; Ranta, Veli-Pekka; van Hest, Jan; Urtti, Arto. 2022. International journal of pharmaceutics. 621: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Ocular metabolism and distribution of drugs in the rabbit eye: Quantitative assessment after intracameral and intravitreal administrations

del Amo, Eva M.; Hammid, Anam; Tausch, Melanie; Toropainen, Elisa; Sadeghi, Amir; Valtari, Annika; Puranen, Jooseppi; Reinisalo, Mika; Ruponen, Marika; Urtti, Arto; Sauer, Achim; Honkakoski, Paavo. 2022. International journal of pharmaceutics. 613: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

SCD1-Fatty Acid Desaturase Inhibitor MF-438 Alleviates Latent Inflammation Induced by Preservative-Free Prostaglandin Analog Eye Drops

Pacwa, Anna; Machowicz, Joanna; Wojtyniak, Alicja; Pietrucha-Dutczak, Marita; Toropainen, Elisa; Koskela, Ali; Mrukwa-Kominek, Ewa; Lewin-Kowalik, Joanna; Smedowski, Adrian. 2022. Journal of inflammation research. 15: 793-806 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Topical pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone suspensions in the rabbit eye: Bioavailability comparison

Naageshwaran, Vatsala; Ranta, Veli-Pekka; Toropainen, Elisa; Tuomainen, Marjo; Gum, Glenwood; Xie, Enli; Bhoopathy, Siddhartha; Urtti, Arto; del Amo, Eva M. 2022. International journal of pharmaceutics. 615: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Understanding dexamethasone kinetics in the rabbit tear fluid: Drug release and clearance from solution, suspension and hydrogel formulations

Balla, Anusha; Ruponen, Marika; Valtari, Annika; Toropainen, Elisa; Tuomainen, Marjo; Alvarez-Lorenzo, Carmen; del Amo, Eva M.; Urtti, Arto; Vellonen, Kati-Sisko. 2022. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. 172: 53-60 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Biopharmaceutics of Topical Ophthalmic Suspensions: Importance of Viscosity and Particle Size in Ocular Absorption of Indomethacin

Toropainen, Elisa; Fraser-Miller, Sara J; Novakovic, Dunja; Del Amo, Eva M; Vellonen, Kati-Sisko; Ruponen, Marika; Viitala, Tapani; Korhonen, Ossi; Auriola, Seppo; Hellinen, Laura; Reinisalo, Mika; Tengvall, Unni; Choi, Stephanie; Absar, Mohammad; Strachan, Clare; Urtti, Arto. 2021. Pharmaceutics. 13: 452 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Senescence in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium of NFE2L2/PGC-1α Double Knock-Out Mice

Blasiak, Janusz; Koskela, Ali; Pawlowska, Elzbieta; Liukkonen, Mikko; Ruuth, Johanna; Toropainen, Elisa; Hyttinen, Juha MT; Viiri, Johanna; Eriksson, John E.; Xu, Heping; Chen, Mei; Felszeghy, Szabolcs; Kaarniranta, Kai. 2021. International journal of molecular sciences. 22: 1684 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Intravitreal Polymeric Nanocarriers with Long Ocular Retention and Targeted Delivery to the Retina and Optic Nerve Head Region

Junnuthula, Vijayabhaskarreddy; Sadeghi Boroujeni, Amir; Cao, Shoupeng; Tavakoli, Shirin; Ridolfo, Roxane; Toropainen, Elisa; Ruponen, Marika; van Hest, Jan CM; Urtti, Arto. 2021. Pharmaceutics. 13: 445 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Magnetically Assisted Drug Delivery of Topical Eye Drops Maintains Retinal Function In Vivo in Mice

Bassetto M, Ajoy D, Poulhes F, Obringer C, Walter A, Messadeq N, Sadeghi A, Puranen J, Ruponen M, Kettunen M, Toropainen E, Urtti A, Dollfus H, Zelphati O, Marion V. 2021. Pharmaceutics. 13: 1650 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Ocular pharmacokinetics of atenolol, timolol and betaxolol cocktail: tissue exposures in the rabbit eye

Fayyaz, Anam; Vellonen, Kati-Sisko; Ranta, Veli-Pekka; Toropainen, Elisa; Reinisalo, Mika; Valtari, Annika; Puranen, Jooseppi; D'Amico Ricci, Giuseppe; Heikkinen, Emma M.; Gardner, Iain; Ruponen, Marika; Urtti, Arto; Jamei, Masoud; del Amo, Eva M. 2021. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. 166: 155-162 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Partitioning and Spatial Distribution of Drugs in Ocular Surface Tissues

Balla, Anusha; Auriola, Seppo; Grey, Angus C; Demarais, Nicholas J; Valtari, Annika; Heikkinen, Emma M; Toropainen, Elisa; Urtti, Arto; Vellonen, Kati-Sisko; Ruponen, Marika. 2021. Pharmaceutics. 13: 658 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Pharmacokinetics of Pullulan–Dexamethasone Conjugates in Retinal Drug Delivery

Kicková, Eva; Sadeghi, Amir; Puranen, Jooseppi; Tavakoli, Shirin; Sen, Merve; Ranta, Veli-Pekka; Arango-Gonzalez, Blanca; Bolz, Sylvia; Ueffing, Marius; Salmaso, Stefano; Caliceti, Paolo; Toropainen, Elisa; Ruponen, Marika; Urtti, Arto. 2021. Pharmaceutics. 2022; 14: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Pharmacokinetics of intravitreal macromolecules: scaling between rats and rabbits

Sadeghi, Amir; Puranen, Jooseppi; Ruponen, Marika; Valtari, Annika; Subrizi, Astrid; Ranta, Veli-Pekka; Toropainen, Elisa; Urtti, Arto. 2021. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 159: 105720 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Pinosylvin Extract Retinari™ Sustains Electrophysiological Function, Prevents Thinning of Retina, and Enhances Cellular Response to Oxidative Stress in NFE2L2 Knockout Mice

Tamminen, Toni; Koskela, Ali; Toropainen, Elisa; Gurubaran, Iswariyaraja Sridevi; Winiarczyk, Mateusz; Liukkonen, Mikko; Paterno, Jussi J; Lackman, Petri; Sadeghi, Amir; Viiri, Johanna; Hyttinen, Juha MT; Koskelainen, Ari; Kaarniranta, Kai. 2021. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity. 2021: A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Characterization, Stability, and in Vivo Efficacy Studies of Recombinant Human CNTF and Its Permeation Into the Neural Retina in Ex Vivo Organotypic Retinal Explant Culture Models

Itkonen, Jaakko; Annala, Ada; Tavakoli, Shirin; Arango-Gonzalez, Blanca; Ueffing, Marius; Toropainen, Elisa; Ruponen, Marika; Casteleijn, Marco G; Urtti, Arto. 2020. Pharmaceutics. 12: E611 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Design and synthesis of lipid-mimetic cationic iridium complexes and their liposomal formulation for in vitro and in vivo application in luminescent bioimaging

Shakirova, Julia R; Sadeghi, Amir; Koblova, Alla A; Chelushkin, Pavel S; Toropainen, Elisa; Tavakoli, Shirin; Kontturi, Leena-Stiina; Lajunen, Tatu; Tunik, Sergey P; Urtti, Arto. 2020. Rsc advances. 10: 14431-14440 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Microflow-Based Device for In Vitro and Ex Vivo Drug Permeability Studies

Hemmilä, Samu; Ruponen, Marika; Toropainen, Elisa; Tengvall-Unadike, Unni; Urtti, Arto; Kallio, Pasi. 2020. SLAS technology. 25: 455-462 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Release of functional dexamethasone by intracellular enzymes: A modular peptide-based strategy for ocular drug delivery

Bhattacharya, Madhushree; Sadeghi, Amir; Sarkhel, Sanjay; Hagström, Marja; Bahrpeyma, Sina; Toropainen, Elisa; Auriola, Seppo; Urtti, Arto. 2020. Journal of controlled release. 327: 584-594 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Topical ocular pharmacokinetics and bioavailability for a cocktail of atenolol, timolol and betaxolol in rabbits

Fayyaz, Anam; Ranta, Veli-Pekka; Toropainen, Elisa; Vellonen, Kati-Sisko; Valtari, Annika; Puranen, Jooseppi; Ruponen, Marika; Gardner, Iain; Urtti, Arto; Jamei, Masoud; del Amo, Eva M.. 2020. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 155: 105553 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Distribution of Small Molecular Weight Drugs into the Porcine Lens: Studies on Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Partition Coefficients, and Implications in Ocular Pharmacokinetics

Heikkinen, EM; Auriola, S; Ranta, VP; Demarais, N; Grey, A; Del Amo, E; Toropainen, E; Vellonen, KS; Urtti, A; Ruponen, M. 2019. Molecular pharmaceutics. 16: 3968-3976 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Electrical synapses interconnecting axons revealed in the optic nerve head - a novel model of gap junctions' involvement in optic nerve function

Smedowski, A; Akhtar, S; Liu, X; Pietrucha-Dutczak, M; Podracka, L; Toropainen, E; Alkanaan, A; Ruponen, M; Urtti, A; Varjosalo, M; Kaarniranta, K; Lewin-Kowalik, J. 2019. Acta ophthalmologica. [Epub ahead of print 10 Oct 2019]: 1-10 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Highly Hydrophilic 1,3-Oxazol-5-yl Benzenesulfonamide Inhi bitors of Carbonic Anhydrase II for Reduction of Glaucoma-Related Intraocular Pressure

Kalinin, Stanislav; Valtari, Annika; Ruponen, Marika; Toropainen, Elisa; Kovalenko, Alexander; Nocentini, Alessio; Gureev, Maxim; Dar'in, Dmitry; Urtti, Arto; Supuran, Claudiu T; Krasavin, Mikhail. 2019. Bioorganic and medicinal chemistry. 27: 115086 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Ocular Intracameral Pharmacokinetics for a Cocktail of Timolol, Betaxolol, and Atenolol in Rabbits

Fayyaz, A; Ranta, VP; Toropainen, E; Vellonen, KS; Ricci, GD; Reinisalo, M; Heikkinen, EM; Gardner, I; Urtti, A; Jamei, M; del Amo, EM. 2019. Molecular pharmaceutics. 12: e007045 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Role of retinal pigment epithelium permeability in drug transfer between posterior eye segment and systemic blood circulation

Ramsay, E; Hagström, M; Vellonen, KS; Boman, S; Toropainen, E; Del Amo, EM; Kidron, H; Urtti, A; Ruponen, M. 2019. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. 143: 18-23 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Corneal and conjunctival drug permeability : systematic comparison and pharmacokinetic impact in the eye

Ramsay, Eva; del Amo, Eva M; Toropainen, Elisa; Tengvall-Unadike, Unni; Ranta, Veli-Pekka; Urtti, Arto; Ruponen, Marika. 2018. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 119: 83-89 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1[alpha] genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration

Felszeghy, S; Viiri, J; Paterno, JJ; Hyttinen, JMT; Koskela, A; Chen, M; Leinonen, H; Tanila, H; Kivinen, N; Koistinen, A; Toropainen, E; Amadio, M; Smedowski, A; Reinisalo, M; Winiarczyk, M; Mackiewicz, J; Mutikainen, M; Ruotsalainen, AK; Kettunen, M; Jokivarsi, K; et al [Incl Kaarniranta, K; Kauppinen, A; Kinnunen, K; Levonen, A-L; Salminen, A; Tavi, P-P; Urtti, A]. 2018. Redox biology. 2019; 20: 1-12 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Impact of Chemical Structure on Conjunctival Drug Permeability: Adopting Porcine Conjunctiva and Cassette Dosing for Construction of In Silico Model

Ramsay E, Ruponen M, Picardat T, Tengvall U, Tuomainen M, Auriola S, Toropainen E, Urtti A, del Amo EM. 2017. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 106: 2463-2471 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Pharmacokinetic aspects of retinal drug delivery

del Amo Eva M, Rimpelä Anna-Kaisa, Heikkinen Emma, Kari Otto K, Ramsay Eva, Lajunen Tatu, Schmitt Mechthild, Pelkonen Laura, Bhattacharya Madhushree, Richardson Dominique, Subrizi Astrid, Turunen Tiina, Reinisalo Mika, Itkonen Jaakko, Toropainen Elisa, Casteleijn Marco, Kidron Heidi, Antopolsky Maxim, Vellonen Kati-Sisko, Ruponen Marika, et al.. 2017. Progress in retinal and eye research. 57: 134-185 A2 Review article, Literature review, Systematic review

Human corneal cell culture models for drug toxicity studies

Rönkkö Seppo, Vellonen Kati-Sisko, Järvinen Kristiina, Toropainen Elisa, Urtti Arto. 2016. Drug delivery and translational research. 6: 660-675 A2 Review article, Literature review, Systematic review

Long-term topical application of preservative-free prostaglandin analogues evokes macrophage infiltration in the ocular adnexa

Trzeciecka Anna, Paterno J Jussi, Toropainen Elisa, Koskela Ali, Podracka Lucia, Korhonen Eveliina, Kauppinen Anu, Kaarniranta Kai, Smedowski Adrian. 2016. European journal of pharmacology. 788: 12-20 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

A critical assessment of in vitro tissue models for ADME and drug delivery

Vellonen Kati-Sisko, Malinen Melina, Mannermaa Eliisa, Subrizi Astrid, Toropainen Elisa, Lou Yan-Ru, Kidron Heidi, Yliperttula Marjo, Urtti Arto. 2014. Journal of controlled release. 190: 94-114 A2 Review article, Literature review, Systematic review

Cationorm shows good tolerability on human HCE-2 corneal epithelial cell cultures

Kinnunen Kati, Kauppinen Anu, Piippo Niina, Koistinen Arto, Toropainen Elisa, Kaarniranta Kai. 2014. Experimental eye research. 120: 82-89 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Excipients of preservative-free latanoprost induced inflammatory response and cytotoxicity in immortalized human HCE-2 corneal epithelial cells

Smedowski Adrian, Paterno Jussi J, Toropainen Elisa,Sinha Debasish, Wylegala Edward, Kaarniranta Kai. 2014. Journal of biochemical and pharmacological research. 2: 175-184 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Oxidative Stress Protection by Exogenous Delivery of rhHsp70 Chaperone to the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE), a Possible Therapeutic Strategy Against RPE Degeneration

Subrizi Astrid, Toropainen Elisa, Ramsay Eva, Airaksinen Anu J, Kaarniranta Kai, Urtti Arto. 2014. Pharmaceutical research. 2015; 32: 211-221 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Endoplasmic reticulum stress in age-related macular degeneration: Trigger for neovascularization

Salminen A, Kauppinen A, Hyttinen JMT, Toropainen E & Kaarniranta K. 2010. MOLECULAR MEDICINE TODAY. 16: 535-542 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Corneal Epithelial Cell Culture Model for Pharmaceutical Studies

Toropainen E. 2007. Kuopion yliopiston julkaisuja A. Farmaseuttiset tieteet G5 Doctoral dissertation (article)

Corneal epithelium as a platform for secretion of transgene products after transfection with liposomal gene eyedrops

Toropainen E, Hornof M, Kaarniranta K, Johansson P, Urtti A. 2007. Journal of gene medicine. 9: 208-216 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Cell culture models of the ocular barriers

Hornof M, Toropainen E, Urtti A. 2005. European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics. 60: 207-225 A2 Review article, Literature review, Systematic review

Ocular pharmacokinetic modeling using corneal absorption and desorption rates from in vitro permeation experiments with cultured corneal epithelial cells

Ranta V-P, Laavola M, Toropainen E, Vellonen K-S, Talvitie A, Urtti A. 2003. Pharmaceutical research. 20: 1409-1416 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Paracellular and passive transcellular permeability in immortalized human corneal epithelial cell culture model

Toropainen E, Ranta V-P, Vellonen K-S, Palmgrén J, Talvitie A, Laavola M, Suhonen P, Hämäläinen KM, Auriola S, Urtti A. 2003. European journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 20: 99-106 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Liquid chromatographic-electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis of neutral and charged polyethylene glycols

Palmgrén JJ, Toropainen E, Auriola S, Urtti A. 2002. Journal of chromatography a. 976: 165-170 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Simultaneous determination of eight beta-blockers by gradient high-performance liquid chromatography with combined ultraviolet and fluorescence detection in corneal permeability studies in vitro

Ranta V-P, Toropainen E, Talvitie A, Auriola S, Urtti A. 2002. Journal of chromatography b: analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences. 772: 81-87 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Culture model of human corneal epithelium for prediction of ocular drug absorption

Toropainen E, Ranta V-P, Talvitie A, Suhonen P, Urtti A. 2001. Investigative ophthalmology and visual science. 42: 2942-2948 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

Expression of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in female breast cancer as related to established prognostic factors and long-term prognosis

Toropainen E, Lipponen P, Syrjänen K. 1995. European journal of cancer. 31A: 1443-1448 A1 Journal article (refereed), original research

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Research groups

Melanin-Binding-Based Discovery of Topically Instilled Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors for Targeted Delivery and Prolonged Action in the Eye

Comprehensive ocular and systemic pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone after subconjunctival and intravenous injections in rabbits

Imaging, quantitation and kinetic modelling of intravitreal nanomaterials

Ocular metabolism and distribution of drugs in the rabbit eye: Quantitative assessment after intracameral and intravitreal administrations

SCD1-Fatty Acid Desaturase Inhibitor MF-438 Alleviates Latent Inflammation Induced by Preservative-Free Prostaglandin Analog Eye Drops

Topical pharmacokinetics of dexamethasone suspensions in the rabbit eye: Bioavailability comparison

Understanding dexamethasone kinetics in the rabbit tear fluid: Drug release and clearance from solution, suspension and hydrogel formulations

Biopharmaceutics of Topical Ophthalmic Suspensions: Importance of Viscosity and Particle Size in Ocular Absorption of Indomethacin

Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Senescence in the Retinal Pigment Epithelium of NFE2L2/PGC-1α Double Knock-Out Mice

Intravitreal Polymeric Nanocarriers with Long Ocular Retention and Targeted Delivery to the Retina and Optic Nerve Head Region

Magnetically Assisted Drug Delivery of Topical Eye Drops Maintains Retinal Function In Vivo in Mice

Ocular pharmacokinetics of atenolol, timolol and betaxolol cocktail: tissue exposures in the rabbit eye

Partitioning and Spatial Distribution of Drugs in Ocular Surface Tissues

Pharmacokinetics of Pullulan–Dexamethasone Conjugates in Retinal Drug Delivery

Pharmacokinetics of intravitreal macromolecules: scaling between rats and rabbits

Pinosylvin Extract Retinari™ Sustains Electrophysiological Function, Prevents Thinning of Retina, and Enhances Cellular Response to Oxidative Stress in NFE2L2 Knockout Mice

Characterization, Stability, and in Vivo Efficacy Studies of Recombinant Human CNTF and Its Permeation Into the Neural Retina in Ex Vivo Organotypic Retinal Explant Culture Models

Design and synthesis of lipid-mimetic cationic iridium complexes and their liposomal formulation for in vitro and in vivo application in luminescent bioimaging

Microflow-Based Device for In Vitro and Ex Vivo Drug Permeability Studies

Release of functional dexamethasone by intracellular enzymes: A modular peptide-based strategy for ocular drug delivery

Topical ocular pharmacokinetics and bioavailability for a cocktail of atenolol, timolol and betaxolol in rabbits

Distribution of Small Molecular Weight Drugs into the Porcine Lens: Studies on Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Partition Coefficients, and Implications in Ocular Pharmacokinetics

Electrical synapses interconnecting axons revealed in the optic nerve head - a novel model of gap junctions' involvement in optic nerve function

Highly Hydrophilic 1,3-Oxazol-5-yl Benzenesulfonamide Inhi bitors of Carbonic Anhydrase II for Reduction of Glaucoma-Related Intraocular Pressure

Ocular Intracameral Pharmacokinetics for a Cocktail of Timolol, Betaxolol, and Atenolol in Rabbits

Role of retinal pigment epithelium permeability in drug transfer between posterior eye segment and systemic blood circulation

Corneal and conjunctival drug permeability : systematic comparison and pharmacokinetic impact in the eye

Loss of NRF-2 and PGC-1[alpha] genes leads to retinal pigment epithelium damage resembling dry age-related macular degeneration

Impact of Chemical Structure on Conjunctival Drug Permeability: Adopting Porcine Conjunctiva and Cassette Dosing for Construction of In Silico Model

Pharmacokinetic aspects of retinal drug delivery

Human corneal cell culture models for drug toxicity studies

Long-term topical application of preservative-free prostaglandin analogues evokes macrophage infiltration in the ocular adnexa

A critical assessment of in vitro tissue models for ADME and drug delivery

Cationorm shows good tolerability on human HCE-2 corneal epithelial cell cultures

Excipients of preservative-free latanoprost induced inflammatory response and cytotoxicity in immortalized human HCE-2 corneal epithelial cells

Oxidative Stress Protection by Exogenous Delivery of rhHsp70 Chaperone to the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE), a Possible Therapeutic Strategy Against RPE Degeneration

Endoplasmic reticulum stress in age-related macular degeneration: Trigger for neovascularization

Corneal Epithelial Cell Culture Model for Pharmaceutical Studies

Corneal epithelium as a platform for secretion of transgene products after transfection with liposomal gene eyedrops

Cell culture models of the ocular barriers

Ocular pharmacokinetic modeling using corneal absorption and desorption rates from in vitro permeation experiments with cultured corneal epithelial cells

Paracellular and passive transcellular permeability in immortalized human corneal epithelial cell culture model

Liquid chromatographic-electrospray ionization mass spectrometric analysis of neutral and charged polyethylene glycols

Simultaneous determination of eight beta-blockers by gradient high-performance liquid chromatography with combined ultraviolet and fluorescence detection in corneal permeability studies in vitro

Culture model of human corneal epithelium for prediction of ocular drug absorption

Expression of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in female breast cancer as related to established prognostic factors and long-term prognosis