Roman Bednarik
Professori
Tietojenkäsittelytieteen laitos, Luonnontieteiden, metsätieteiden ja tekniikan tiedekunta
roman.bednarik@uef.fi | 041 430 6116
Tutkimusryhmät
Projektit
Julkaisut
150/150 kappaletta-
Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) in Brain Tumor Surgery – Evidence of Machine Learning-Based Performance
Puustinen, Sami; Vrzáková, Hana; Hyttinen, Joni; Rauramaa, Tuomas; Fält, Pauli; Hauta-Kasari, Markku; Bednarik, Roman; Koivisto, Timo; Rantala, Susanna; von und zu Fraunberg, Mikael; Jääskeläinen, Juha E; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka. 2023. World neurosurgery. 175: e614-e635 -
Seeing Through Their Eyes - A Customizable Gaze-Contingent Simulation of Impaired Vision and Other Eye Conditions Using VR/XR Technology
Moustafa, Rasha Sameer; Karhu, Harri; Andberg, Sami; Bednarik, Roman. 2023. ACM -
Unpacking the Broad Landscape of Intraoperative Stressors for Clinical Personnel: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review
Lee, Ahreum; Torkamani-Azar, Mastaneh; Zheng, Bin; Bednarik, Roman. 2023. Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare. 6: 1953-1977 -
Automated tool detection with deep learning for monitoring kinematics and eye-hand coordination in microsurgery
Koskinen, Jani; Torkamani-Azar, Mastaneh; Hussein, Ahmed; Huotarinen, Antti; Bednarik, Roman. 2022. Computers in biology and medicine. 141: -
Computer-based Eye-tracking Analysis of King-Devick Test Differentiates Persons With Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus From Cognitively Unimpaired
Lehtola, Juha-Matti; Kärkkäinen, Virve; Andberg, Sami; Hannonen, Sanna; Rusanen, Minna; Saari, Toni; Korhonen, Ville; Hokkanen, Laura; Hallikainen, Merja; Hänninen, Tuomo; Kaarniranta, Kai; Bednarik, Roman; Leinonen, Ville; Koivisto, Anne M. 2022. Alzheimer disease and associated disorders. 36: 340-346 -
Detection improvement of gliomas in hyperspectral imaging of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence – in vitro comparison of visual identification and machine thresholds
Lehtonen, Samu JR; Vrzakova, Hana; Paterno, Jussi J; Puustinen, Sami; Bednarik, Roman; Hauta-Kasari, Markku; Haneishi, Hideaki; Immonen, Arto; Jääskeläinen, Juha E; Kämäräinen, Olli-Pekka; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka. 2022. Cancer treatment and research communications. 32: -
ETRA '22: 2022 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications Proceending
Shic, Frederick; Kasneci, Enkelejda; Khamis, Mohamed; Gellersen, Hans; Krejtz, Krzysztof; Weiskopf, Daniel; Blascheck, Tanja; Bradshaw, Jessica; Vrzakova, Hana; Binaee, Kamran; Burch, Michael; Kiefer, Peter; Bednarik, Roman; Mardanbegi, Diako; Clarke, Christopher; Kothari, Rakshit; Rajanna, Vijay; Jayarathna, Sampath; Villanueva, Arantxa; Atyabi, Adham; Eivazi, Shahram . 2022. . . ACM -
Eye-Tracking Indicators of Workload in Surgery: A Systematic Review
Tolvanen, Otto; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka; Itkonen, Matti; Vrzakova, Hana; Bednarik, Roman; Huotarinen, Antti. 2022. Journal of investigative surgery. 35: 1340-1349 -
Games and Rewards: A Scientometric Study of Rewards in Educational and Serious Games
Tyni, Janne; Tarkiainen, Anni; Lopez-Pernas, Sonsoles; Saqr, Mohammed; Kahila, Juho; Bednarik, Roman; Tedre, Matti. 2022. IEEE access. 10: 31578-31585 -
Integration of Human Factors in Surgery: Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Design, Development, and Evaluation of Surgical Technologies
Bednarik, Roman; Blandford, Ann; Feng, Feng; Huotarinen, Antti; Iso-Mustajärvi, Matti; Lee, Ahreum; Nicolosi, Federico; Opie, Jeremy; Yoo, Soojeong; Zheng, Bin. 2022. ACM SIGCHI annual conference on human factors in computing systems -
Methods and Measures for Mental Stress Assessment in Surgery: A Systematic Review of 20 Years of Literature
Torkamani-Azar, Mastaneh; Lee, Ahreum; Bednarik, Roman. 2022. IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics. 26: 4436-4449 -
Reward Types in Popular Recreational and Educational Mobile Games
Tyni, Janne; Turunen, Aatu; Kahila, Juho; Bednarik, Roman; Tedre, Matti. 2022. IEEE access. 11: 1166-1174 -
Seize the moment: the role of scrub nurses’ proactivity in microsurgical operating-room collaborations
Afkari, Hoorieh; Bednarik, Roman. 2022. Behaviour and information technology. [Published online: 26 Jul 2022]: 1-18 -
Shortening of Saccades as a Possible Easy-to-Use Biomarker to Detect Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease
Hannonen, Sanna; Andberg, Sami; Kärkkäinen, Virve; Rusanen, Minna; Lehtola, Juha-Matti; Saari, Toni; Korhonen, Ville; Hokkanen, Laura; Hallikainen, Merja; Hänninen, Tuomo; Leinonen, Ville; Kaarniranta, Kai; Bednarik, Roman; Koivisto, Anne M.. 2022. Journal of Alzheimer's disease. 88: 609-618 -
Utilizing Grasp Monitoring to Predict Microsurgical Expertise
Koskinen, Jani; He, Wenjing; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka; Kaipainen, Aku; Hussein, Ahmed; Zheng, Bin; Huotarinen, Antti; Bednarik, Roman. 2022. Journal of surgical research. 2023; 282: 101-108 -
Welcome Message
Shic, Frederick; Kasneci, Enkelejda; Khamis, Mohamed; Gellersen, Hans; Krejtz, Krzysztof; Weiskopf, Daniel; Blascheck, Tanja; Bradshaw, Jessica; Vrzakova, Hana; Binaee, Kamran; Burch, Michael; Kiefer, Peter; Bednarik, Roman; Mardanbegi, Diako; Clarke, Christopher; Kothari, Rakshit; Rajanna, Vijay; Jayarathna, Sampath; Villanueva, Arantxa; Atyabi, Adham; Eivazi, Shahram. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2022. ETRA '22: 2022 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. s. . ACM -
3D Exoscopes in Microsurgery: How 3D Exoscopes Reconfigure the Workflow of Assistant Surgeons and Nurses in the Operating Room
Lee, Ahreum; Bednarik, Roman. Teoksessa: Birnholtz, Jeremy; Ciolfi, Luigina; Ding, Sharon; Fussell, Susan; Monroy-Hernández, Andrés; Munson, Sean; Shklovski, Irina; Naaman, Mor(toim.) , 2021. CSCW '21: Companion Publication of the 2021 Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing. s. 112-116. ACM -
Action-related eye measures to assess surgical expertise
Zheng, B; Jiang, X; Bednarik, R; Atkins, M S. 2021. BJS open. 5: 1 - 8 -
Comparison of noncontact camera-based methods for measuring pulse-rate of awake infants
Ogawa-Ochiai, Keiko; Kiyokawa, Takuma; Kiyomitsu, Kaoru; Bednarik, Roman; Mitani, Yusuke; Tsumura, Norimichi. 2021. Artificial life and robotics. 2022; 27: 1-8 -
Eye-hand Coordination of Neurosurgeon: Evidences of Action-related Fixation in Micro-suturing
Chainey, Jonathan; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka; O'Kelly, Cian J; Kim, Michael J; Bednarik, Roman; Zheng, Bin. 2021. World neurosurgery. 155: e196-e202 -
Movement-level process modeling of microsurgical bimanual and unimanual tasks
Koskinen, Jani; Huotarinen, Antti; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka; Zheng, Bin; Bednarik, Roman. 2021. International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery. [ePub ahead of print 15 Dec 2021]: 1-10 -
A practical guide on conducting eye tracking studies in software engineering
Sharafi, Zohreh; Sharif, Bonita; Gueheneuc, Yann-Gael; Beget, Andrew; Bednarik, Roman; Crosby, Martha. 2020. Empirical software engineering. 25: 3128-3174 -
Combined Gaze Metrics as Stress-Sensitive Indicators of Microsurgical Proficiency
Koskinen, Jani; Bednarik, Roman; Vrzakova, Hana; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka. 2020. Surgical innovation. 27: 614-622 -
EMIP: The eye movements in programming dataset
Bednarik, Roman; Busjahn, Teresa; Gibaldi, Agostino; Ahadi, Alireza; Bielikova, Maria; Crosby, Martha; Essig, Kai; Fagerholm, Fabian; Jbara, Ahmad; Lister, Raymond; Orlov, Pavel; Paterson, James; Sharif, Bonita; Sirkiä, Teemu; Stelovsky, Jan; Tvarozek, Jozef; Vrzakova, Hana; van der Linde, Ian. 2020. Science of computer programming. 198: 102520 -
Experts in Medical Computing: Designing a continuous education program with clinical relevance and industrial applicability
Bednarik, Roman; Vrzakova, Hana; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka; Skön, Jukka-Pekka. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2020. 2020 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). s. 1-5. IEEE -
Gaze-grabber distance in expert and novice forest machine operators: the effects of automatic boom control
Koskinen, Jani; Bednarik, Roman. Teoksessa: Bulling, Andreas; Huckauf, Anke; Jain, Eakta; Radach, Ralph; Weiskopf, Daniel(toim.) , 2020. Proceedings ETRA 2020 Adjunct, ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications. s. 1-7. ACM -
Handling of incongruences in music notation during singing or playing
Chitalkina, Natalia; Puurtinen, Marjaana; Gruber, Hans; Bednarik, Roman. 2020. International journal of music education. 2021; 39: 18-38 -
Spectrally Tunable Neural Network-Assisted Segmentation of Microneurosurgical Anatomy
Puustinen, Sami; Alaoui, Soukaina; Bartczak, Piotr; Bednarik, Roman; Koivisto, Timo; Dietz, Aarno; von Und Zu Fraunberg, Mikael; Iso-Mustajärvi, Matti; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka. 2020. Frontiers in neuroscience. 14: 640 -
When you ignore what you see: How to study proof-readers' error in pseudocode reading
Chitalkina, Natalia; Bednarik, Roman; Puurtinen, Marjaana; Gruber, Hans. Teoksessa: Bulling, Andreas; Huckauf, Anke; Jain, Eakta; Radach, Ralph; Weiskopf, Daniel(toim.) , 2020. ETRA '20 Short Papers: ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. s. 1-5. ACM -
Affect Recognition in Code Review: An In-situ Biometric Study of Reviewer's Affect
Vrzakova, Hana; Begel, Andrew; Mehtätalo, Lauri; Bednarik, Roman. 2019. Journal of systems and software. 2020; 159: 110434 -
Comparison of non-contact camera based methods to measure the pulse rate for awake infants
Kiyokawa, T; Kiyomitsu, K; Bednarik, R; Ogawa-Ochi, K; Tsumura, N. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2019. 26th Color and Imaging Conference: Color Science and Engineering Systems, Technologies, and Applications, CIC 2018. s. 157-162. Society for Imaging Science and Technology -
POnline: An Online Pupil Annotation Tool Employing Crowd-sourcing and Engagement Mechanisms
Gil de Gómez Pérez, David; Bednarik, Roman. 2019. Human computation. 6: 176-191 -
Prediction as a prerequisite of skilled reading: The cases of source-code and music notation
Chitalkina, Natalia; Bednarik, Roman; Puurtinen, Marjaana; Gruber, Hans. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2019. Proceedings of the 19th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research. s. 1-9. ACM -
A Portable System for On-Site Medical Spectral Imaging: Pre-Clinical Development and Early Evaluation
Bartczak, Piotr; Iso-Mustajarvi, Matti; Vrzakova, Hana; Bednarik, Roman; Fraunberg, Mikael; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka. Teoksessa: Hollmén, Jaakko; McGregor, Carolyn; Soda, Paolo; Kane; Bridget(toim.) , 2018. Proceedings: 31st IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems - CBMS 2018. s. 256-261. -
Augmenting Microsurgical Training: Microsurgical Instrument Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Leppänen, Tomi; Vrzakova, Hana; Bednarik, Roman; Kanervisto, Anssi; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka; Huotarinen, Antti; Bartczak, Piotr; Fraunberg, Mikael; Jääskeläinen, Juha E. Teoksessa: Hollmén, Jaakko; McGregor, Carolyn; Soda, Paolo; Kane; Bridget(toim.) , 2018. Proceedings: 31st IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems - CBMS 2018. s. 211-216. -
Blink-Based Estimation of Suturing Task Workload and Expertise in Microsurgery
Bednarik, Roman; Koskinen, Jani; Vrzakova, Hana; Bartczak, Piotr; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka. Teoksessa: Hollmén, Jaakko; McGregor, Carolyn; Soda, Paolo; Kane; Bridget(toim.) , 2018. Proceedings: 31st IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems - CBMS 2018. s. 233-238. -
Command Selection in Gaze-based See-through Virtual Image-Guided Environments
Afkari, Hoorieh; de Gómez Pérez, David Gil; Bednarik, Roman. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2018. Proceedings of the 9th Augmented Human International Conference AH '18. s. 1-8. ACM -
Crowdsourcing pupil annotation datasets: Boundary vs. center, what performs better?
Gil de Gómez Pérez, David; Suokas, Matti; Bednarik, Roman. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2018. Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Pervasive Eye Tracking and Mobile Eye-Based Interaction (PETMEI 2018). s. 1-7. ACM -
Eye-movement modeling examples in source code comprehension: A classroom study
Bednarik, Roman; Schulte, Carsten; Budde, Lea; Heinemann, Birte; Vrzakova, Hana. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2018. Koli Calling '18: Proceedings of the 18th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research. s. a2. ACM -
Pupil size as an indicator of visual-motor workload and expertise in microsurgical training tasks."
Bednarik, Roman; Bartczak, Piotr; Vrzakova, Hana; Koskinen, Jani; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka; Huotarinen, Antti; Gil de Gómez Pérez, David; von und zu Fraunberg, Mikael. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2018. Proceedings of the ETRA '18 Proceedings of the Ninth Biennial ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications. s. a60. ACM -
Spectral Video in Image-Guided Microsurgical Applications: Integrating Imaging Technology into the Clinical Environment and Ergonomic Considerations
Bartczak, Piotr; Vrzakova, Hana; Bednarik, Roman; Iso-Mustajarvi, Matti; Hauta-Kasari, Markku; Jääskeläinen, Juha E; Fraunberg, Mikael; Elomaa, Antti-Pekka. Teoksessa: Hollmén, Jaakko; McGregor, Carolyn; Soda, Paolo; Kane; Bridget(toim.) , 2018. Proceedings: 31st IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems - CBMS 2018. s. 286-291. -
Eye Movements in Programming: Spring Academy 2017
Tamm S, Bednarik R, Busjahn T, Schulte C, Vrzakova H, Budde L. 2017. Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik. Serie B, Informatik (Technical report). . Freie Universität Berlin -
Gaze characteristics of video watching in a surgical setting
Zheng B, Jiang X, Bednarik R, Atkins MS. Teoksessa: Burch Michael, Chuang Lewis L, Duchowski Andrew T(toim.) , 2017. Proceedings of the Second Workshop on Eye Tracking and Visualization ETVIS 2016. s. 11-15. IEEE -
Optimal eye movement strategies: a comparison of neurosurgeons gaze patterns when using a surgical microscope
Eivazi Shahram, Hafez Ahmad, Fuhl Wolfgang, Afkari Hoorieh, Kasneci Enkelejda, Lehecka Martin, Bednarik Roman. 2017. Acta neurochirurgica. 159: 959-966 -
Programmers' experiences with working in the restricted-view mode as indications of parafoveal processing differences
Orlov Pavel A, Bednarik Roman, Orlova Liudmila. Teoksessa: Luke Church(toim.) , 2017. Proceedings of the 27th Annual Workshop of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group - PPIG 2016. s. 96-105. -
Eye movements in programming: models to data. Proceedings of the Third International Workshop
Bednarik R, Busjahn T, Schulte C, Tamm S. 2016. Publications of the University of Eastern Finland : reports and studies in education, humanities, and theology. . Itä-Suomen yliopisto -
Introduction to the Special Issue on New Directions in Eye Gaze for Interactive Intelligent Systems
Nakano Yukiko I, Bednarik Roman, Huang Hung-Hsuan, Jokinen Kristiina. 2016. ACM transactions on interactive intelligent systems (tiis). 6: Article 1 -
Mechanisms for maintaining situation awareness in the micro-neurosurgical operating room
Hoorieh Afkari, Roman Bednarik, Susanne Mäkelä, Shahram Eivazi. 2016. International journal of human-computer studies. 95: 1-14 -
PeepList: Adapting ex-post interaction with pervasive display content using eye tracking
Kajan Rudolf, Herout Adam, Bednarik Roman, Povolný Filip. 2016. Pervasive and mobile computing. 30: 71-83 -
SPEED: SPectral Eye vidEo Database
Gebejes Ana, Fält Pauli, Bednarik Roman, Hauta-Kasari Markku. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2016. Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing: Adjunct. s. 1666-1675. ACM -
Speakers' head and gaze dynamics weakly correlate in group conversation
Vrzakova Hana, Bednarik Roman, Nakano Yukiko I, Nihei Fumio. Teoksessa: Pernilla Qvarfordt, Dan Witzner Hansen(toim.) , 2016. Proceeding ETRA '16 Proceedings of the Ninth Biennial ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications. s. 77-84. ACM -
The role of extrafoveal vision in source code comprehension
Orlov PA, Bednarik R. 2016. Perception. [Epub ahead of print Nov 4, 2016]: - -
WTP: Web-Tracking plugin for real-Time automatic aoi annotations
Nguyen D, Vrzakova H, Bednarik R. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2016. Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing, UbiComp 2016, Heidelberg, Germany, September 12-16, 2016. s. 1696-1705. ACM -
Analysis of disruptive events and precarious situations caused by interaction with neurosurgical microscope
Eivazi Shahram, Afkari Hoorieh, Bednarik Roman, Leinonen Ville, Tukiainen Markku, Jääskeläinen Juha E. 2015. Acta neurochirurgica. 157: 1147-1154 -
Demo Hour
Fortmann Jutta, Müller Heiko, Heuten Wilko, Boll Susanne, Kangas Jari, Akkil Deepak, Rantala Jussi, Isokoski Poika, Majaranta Päivi, Raisamo Roope, Orlov Pavel, Bednarik Roman, Caltenco Héctor, Larsen Henrik, Hedvall Per-Olof. 2015. Interactions. 22: 6-9 -
Embedding an Eye Tracker into a Surgical Microscope: Requirements, Design, and Implementation
Eivazi Shahram, Bednarik R, Leinonen V, von und zu Fraunberg M, Jääskeläinen JE. 2015. IEEE sensors journal. 2016; 16: 2070-2078 -
Eye Movement in Programming Education II: Analyzing the Novice's Gaze. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop
Busjahn Teresa, Schulte Carsten, Tamm Sascha, Bednarik Roman (eds.). 2015. Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Mathematik und Informatik. Serie B, Informatik (Technical report). . Freie Universität Berlin -
Eye Movements in Code Reading: Relaxing the Linear Order
Busjahn Teresa, Bednarik Roman, Begel Andrew, Crosby Martha, Paterson James H, Schulte Carsten, Sharif Bonita, Tamm Sascha. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2015. Program Comprehension (ICPC), 2015 IEEE 23rd International Conference on. s. 255-265. IEEE -
Pupil responses to continuous aiming movements
Jiang Xianta, Zheng Bin, Bednarik Roman, Atkins M Stella. 2015. International journal of human-computer studies. 83: 1-11 -
Quiet Eye Affects Action Detection from Gaze More Than Context Length
Vrzakova Hana, Bednarik Roman. Teoksessa: Ricci Francesco, Bontcheva Kalina, Conlan Owen, Lawless Séamus(toim.) , 2015. User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization: 23rd International Conference, UMAP 2015, Dublin, Ireland, June 29 -- July 3, 2015. Proceedings. s. 277-288. SRINGER -
ScreenMasker: An Open-source Gaze-contingent Screen Masking Environment
Orlov Pavel A, Bednarik Roman. 2015. Behavior research methods. [epub ahead of print 15 Aug 2015]: 1-9 -
User-centred design practice and adoption in smaller ICT companies in Eastern Finland: an interview study
Bednarik Roman, Krohns Janne. 2015. International journal of business information systems. 18: 285-298 -
Eye Movements in Programming Education: Analyzing the Expert's Gaze
Bednarik Roman, Busjahn Teresa, Schulte Carsten. 2014. Publications of the University of Eastern Finland : reports and studies in education, humanities, and theology. . University of Eastern Finland -
Eye tracking in computing education
Teresa Busjahn, Carsten Schulte, Bonita Sharif, Simon, Andrew Begel, Michael Hansen, Roman Bednarik, Paul Orlov, Petri Ihantola, Galina Shchekotova, Maria Antropova. Teoksessa: Cutts et al.(toim.) , 2014. ICER '14 Proceedings of the tenth annual conference on International computing education research. s. 3-10. -
Gaze-in 2014: the 7th Workshop on Eye Gaze in Intelligent Human Machine Interaction
Huang Hung-Hsuan, Bednarik Roman, Jokinen Kristiina, Nakano Yukiko I.. 2014. Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction -
Heatmap rendering from large-scale distributed datasets using cloud computing
Thanh-Chung Dao, Roman Bednarik, Hana Vrzakova. Teoksessa: Pernilla Qvarfordt, Dan Witzner Hansen(toim.) , 2014. Proceeding ETRA '14 Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. s. 215-218. ACM Press -
Influential statements and gaze for persuasion modeling
Hana Vrzakova, Roman Bednarik, Yukiko Nakano, Fumio Nihei. 2014. ACM Press -
Introduction to the PETMEI special issue
Bulling A, Bednarik R. 2014. Journal of eye movement research. 7: 1-2 -
Journal of Eye Movement Research: PETMEI special issue.
Bulling, A., Bednarik, R.. 2014. . . International Group for Eye Movement Research -
Low-cost latency measurement system for eye-mouse software
Orlov Pavel, Bednarik Roman. 2014. NordiCHI '14. Proceedings of the 8th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Fun, Fast, Foundational -
Pupil dilations during target-pointing respect Fitts' Law
X Jiang, MS Atkins, G Tien, B Zheng, R Bednarik. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2014. ETRA '14 Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. s. 175-182. -
Pupil responses during discrete goal-directed movements
Jiang Xianta, Atkins M Stella, Tien Geoffrey, Bednarik Roman, Zheng Bin. Teoksessa: Jones et al.(toim.) , 2014. CHI '14 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. s. 2075-2084. -
The potentials for hands-free interaction in micro-neurosurgery
Hoorieh Afkari, Shahram Eivazi, Roman Bednarik, Susanne Mäkelä. Teoksessa: Virpi Roto, Jonna Häkkilä(toim.) , 2014. NordiCHI '14 Proceedings of the 8th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Fun, Fast, Foundational. s. 401-410. ACM Press -
Theoretical underpinnings of computing education research: what is the evidence?
Lauri Malmi, Judy Sheard, Simon, Roman Bednarik, Juha Helminen, Päivi Kinnunen, Ari Korhonen, Niko Myller, Juha Sorva, Ahmad Taherkhani. Teoksessa: Cutts et al.(toim.) , 2014. ICER '14 Proceedings of the tenth annual conference on International computing education research. s. 27-34. -
Verbal gaze instruction matches visual gaze guidance in laparoscopic skills training
Geoffrey Tien, M. Stella Atkins, Xianta Jiang, Bin Zheng, and Roman Bednarik. Teoksessa: Pernilla Qvarfordt, Dan Witzner Hansen(toim.) , 2014. ETRA '14 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. s. 331-334. -
What influences dwell time during source code reading?: analysis of element type and frequency as factors
T Busjahn, R Bednarik, C Schulte. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2014. ETRA '14 Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. s. 335-338. -
A Computational Approach for Prediction of Problem-Solving Behavior Using Support Vector Machines and Eye-Tracking Data
Bednarik R, Eivazi S, Vrzakova H. Teoksessa: Yukiko I. Nakano, Cristina Conati, Thomas Bader(toim.) , 2013. Eye Gaze in Intelligent User Interfaces Gaze-based Analyses, Models and Applications. s. 111-134. Springer -
Apps for Me, Too: Gaze and Natural Interaction Applications for Varying Cognitive Strengths on a MultitouchTable Network
Erkut Cumhur, Bednarik Roman, Mäkelä Susanne, Kleimola Jari. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2013. CHI 2013 Workshop on Gaze Interaction in the Post-WIMP World", April 27, 2013, Paris, France". s. -. -
Evaluating user experience of autistic children through video observation
Mäkelä, Susanne; Bednarik, Roman; Tukiainen, Markku. Teoksessa: Mackay, W.E., Brewster, S., Bødker, S.(toim.) , 2013. ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. s. 463-468. -
Fast and Comprehensive Extension to Intention Prediction from Gaze
Vrzakova Hana, Bednarik Roman. Teoksessa: Dirk Schnelle-Walka, Jochen Huber, Roman Lissermann, Oliver Brdiczka, Kris Luyten, Max Mühlhäuser(toim.) , 2013. Proceedings of the 2nd IUI Workshop on Interacting with Smart Objects. s. 34-39. Technische Universität Darmstadt -
Gaze-augmented interaction improves problem-solving: new evidence from verbal protocols
Bednarik R, Gowases T, Tukiainen M. 2013. Behaviour and information technology. 32: 836-844 -
Gazein'13: the 6th Workshop on Eye Gaze in Intelligent Human Machine Interaction ( gaze in multimodal interaction)
Bednarik Roman, Huang Hung-Hsuan, Nakano Yukiko I., Jokinen Kristiina. 2013. ACM -
That's not norma(n/l): a detailed analysis of midas touch in gaze-based problem-solving
Vrzakova Hana, Bednarik Roman. Teoksessa: Wendy E. Mackay, Stephen Brewster, Susanne Bødker(toim.) , 2013. CHI EA '13 CHI '13 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. s. 85-90. -
Unrawelling the interaction strategies and gaze in collaborative learning with online video lectures
Bednarik Roman, Kauppinen Marko. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2013. Proceedings of the 6th workshop on Eye gaze in intelligent human machine interaction: gaze in multimodal interaction (GazeIn '13). s. 57-62. ACM -
Duet 2012: dual eye tracking in CSCW
Jermann Patrick, Gergle Darren, Bednarik Roman, Brennan Susan. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2012. Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work CSCW '12, February 11-15, 2012, Washington, USA. s. 23-24. ACM Press -
During automatic program animation, explanations after animations have greater impact than before animations
Wang P, Bednarik R, Moreno A. Teoksessa: M. Laakso, R. McCarney(toim.) , 2012. 12th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research. s. 100-109. -
Expertise-dependent Visual Attention Strategies Develop over Time During Debugging with Multiple Code Representations
Bednarik, R. 2012. International journal of human-computer studies. 70: 143-155 -
Gaze Behaviour of Expert and Novice Microneurosurgeons Differs During Observations of Tumor Removal Recordings
Eivazi Shahram, Bednarik Roman, Tukiainen Markku, von und zu Fraunberg Mikael, Leinonen Ville, Jääskeläinen Juha E.. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2012. Symposium: Eye Tracking Research and Applications, ETRA 2012, 28-30 March 2012, California, USA. s. 377-380. -
Gaze and conversational engagement in multiparty video conversation: an annotation scheme and classification of high and low levels of engagement
Bednarik R, Eivazi S, Hradis M. Teoksessa: Y. Nakano et al.(toim.) , 2012. Gaze-In '12 Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Eye Gaze in Intelligent Human Machine Interaction. s. Article 10. -
Hard lessons learned: mobile eye-tracking in cockpits
Vrzakova H, Bednarik R. Teoksessa: Y. Nakano et al.(toim.) , 2012. Gaze-In '12 Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Eye Gaze in Intelligent Human Machine Interaction. s. Article 7. -
Investigating the role of programmers' peripheral vision: a gaze-contingent tool and an experiment proposal.
Bednarik, R., Orlov, P.. Teoksessa: Jing .Y(toim.) , 2012. Proceedings of Psychology of Programming Interest Group PPIG 2012. s. -. -
Usability of gaze-transfer in collaborative programming: How and when could it work, and some implications for research agenda
Bednarik Roman, Shipilov Andrey. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2012. In proceedings of DUET 2012, Dual Eye-Tracking in CSCW, Feb 5-10, USA. s. -. -
Voice activity detection from gaze in video mediated communication
Hradis Michal, Eivazi Shahram, Bednarik Roman. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2012. ETRA '12 Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications , 28-30 March 2012, California, USA. s. 329-332. ACM Press -
What Students Want: A Study on the Role of Supervisor of Final Works in Computing Education
Bednarik R, Herout A. Teoksessa: M. Laakso, R. McCarney(toim.) , 2012. 12th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research. s. 118-125. -
What do yo want to do next: A novel approach for intent prediction in gaze-based interaction
Bednarik Roman, Vrzakova Hana, Hradis Michal. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2012. ETRA '12 Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications , 28-30 March 2012, California, USA. s. 83-90. ACM Press -
What you want to do next: A novel approach for intent prediction in gaze-based interaction
Roman Bednarik, Hana Vrzakova, Michal Hradis. Teoksessa: .(toim.) , 2012. ETRA '12 Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications. s. 83-90. Stephen N Spencer -
A decade of research and development on program animation: The Jeliot experience
Ben-Ari, M., Bednarik, R., Ben-Bassat Levy, R., Ebel, G., Moreno, A., Myller, N., Sutinen, E.. 2011. Journal of visual languages and computing. 22: 375-384 -
Bidirectional Gaze in Remote Computer Mediated Collaboration: Setup and Initial Results from Pair-Programming
Bednarik Roman, Shipilov Andrey, Pietinen Sami. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2011. CSCW'11 Proceedings of the ACM 2011 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work. s. 597-600. ACM Press -
Gaze Cursor During Distant Collaborative Programming: A Preliminary Analysis
Bednarik R., Shipilov A. Teoksessa: Patrick Jermann, Roman Bednarik, Darren Gergle(toim.) , 2011. DUET 2011: Dual Eye Tracking in CSCW. s. 8. -
Predicting Problem-Solving Behavior and Performance Levels from Visual Attention Data
Eivazi Shahram, Bednarik Roman. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2011. Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Eye Gaze in Intelligent Human Machine Interaction in Conjunction with IUI 2011, the International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces. s. 9-16. -
Text Highlighting Improves User Experience for Reading with Magnified Displays
Gowases Tersia, Bednarik Roman, Tukiainen Markku. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2011. CHI EA'11 Proceedings of the 2011 Annual Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. s. 1891-1896. ACM Press -
Characterizing Research in Computing Education: A preliminary analysis of the literature
MalmiL, Sheard J, Simon, Bednarik R, Helminen J, Korhonen A, Myller N, Sorva J & Taherkhani A. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2010. Proceedings of the International Computing Education Research Workshop, ICER'10. s. 3-11. the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. (ACM) -
Eye-tracking in Collaborative settings: Setup and Descriptive analysis
Pietinen S, Bednarik R, & Tukiainen M. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2010. The 5th Scandinavian Workshop on Applied Eye-Tracking, SWAET 2010. s. 38. -
Inferring Problem Solving Strategies Using Eye-Tracking: System Description and Evaluation
Eivazi S & Bednarik R. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2010. Koli Calling'10 Proceedings of the 10th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research. s. -. ACM Inc., Digital Library -
Shared Visual Attention in Collaborative Programming: A Descriptive Analysis
Pietinen S, Bednarik R & Tukiainen M. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2010. ACM/IEEE 32nd International Conference on Software Engineering, ICSE 2010, Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering, CHASE 2010, Workshop at the ICSE 2010. s. -. -
Tietojenkäsittelytieteen päivät 2010, The Computer Science Days 2010
Roman Bednarik (Toim.). 2010. Publications of the University of Eastern Finland : reports and studies in education, humanities, and theology. . University of Eastern Finland -
Towards task-independent person authentication using eye movement signals
Kinnunen T, Sedlak F & Bednarik R. Teoksessa: -(toim.) , 2010. Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA 2010). s. 187-190. -
An Exploration of Shared Visual Attention in Collaborative Programming
Sami Pietinen, Roman Bednarik and Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2009. 21st Annual Psychology of Programming Interest Group Conference, PPIG 2009. s. -. -
Designing a Story-Based Platform for HIV and AIDS Counseling with Tanzanian Children
Markus Duveskog, Kati Kemppainen, Roman Bednarik and Erkki Sutinen. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2009. nteraction Design and Children, ACM Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children, IDC 2009. s. 27-35. -
Emerging Technologies for Educational Evaluation
Randolph, J., Rogers, P., Myller, N. and Bednarik, R.. Teoksessa: Maria Ortiz, Claudia Rubio(toim.) , 2009. Educational Evaluation: 21st Century Issues and Challenges. s. 417-442. Nova Science Publishers Inc. -
Extending the Engagement Taxonomy: Software Visualization and Collaborative Learning
Niko Myller, Roman Bednarik, Erkki Sutinen and Mordechai Ben-Ari. 2009. ACM Transactions on Computing Education (TOCE). 9: 7:1-27 -
Gaze interaction enhances problem solving: Effects of dwell-time based, gaze-augmented, and mouse interaction on problem-solving strategies and user experience
Bednarik, R., Gowases, T. and Tukiainen, M.. 2009. Journal of eye movement research. 3: 1-10 -
A Layered Approach to the Development Process of Social Mindtools
Jussi Nuutinen;Roman Bednarik;Erkki Sutinen. Teoksessa: Edited by Joseph Luca;Edgar R. Weippi(toim.) , 2008. Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2008, AACE World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications. s. 2109-2118. Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE) -
A method to study visual attention aspects of collaboration: eye-tracking pair programmers simultaneously
Sami Pietinen;Roman Bednarik;Tatiana Glotova;Vesa Tenhunen and Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2008. Eye Tracking Research & Applications, ACM Proceeding of the 2008 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications. s. 39-42. ACM New York, NY, USA -
Gaze vs. Mouse in Games: The Effects on User Experience
Tersia Gowases, Roman Bednarik, and Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2008. Proceedings ICCE 2008, The 16th International Conference on Computers in Education. s. 27-31. -
Haasteena käytettävyys: Kotihoitoa tukevat etäpalvelut-hankkeen käytettävyystutkimus
Minna Kamppuri;Roman Bednarik and Anitta Juntunen. 2008. Kajaanin ammattikorkeakoulun julkaisusarja B. 1. painos. Kajaanin ammattikorkeakoulu -
PPIG 2008, Proceedings of the 20th Annual Meeting of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group, Lancaster, United Kingdom, 10th - 12th September
Edited by Jim Buckley;John Rooksby;Roman Bednarik. 2008. . . Lancaster University -
Publication Bias in the Computer Science Education
Justus J. Randolph & Roman Bednarik. 2008. J.UCS, Journal of Universal Computer Science. 14: -
Studying Cognitive Processes in Computer Program Comprehension
Roman Bednarik and Justus Randolph. Teoksessa: Riad I. Hammoud (Ed.)(toim.) , 2008. Passive Eye Monitoring: Algorithms, Applications and Experiments. s. 372-386. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2008 -
Temporal eye-tracking data: evolution of debugging strategies with multiple representations
Roman Bednarik and Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2008. Eye Tracking Research & Applications, ACM Proceeding of the 2008 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications. s. 99-102. ACM -
A comparison of the methodological quality of articles in computer science education journals and conference proceedings
Justus Randolph;George Julnes;Roman Bednarik and Erkki Sutinen. 2007. Computer science education. 17: 263 - 274 -
Alternative to Technology-Driven Development: An Approach Based on Authentic Needs
Roman Bednarik;Minna Kamppuri;Matti Tedre and Mikko Vesisenaho. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2007. The CHI 2007 Workshop on User-Centered Design and International Development, San Jose, California, USA, 28 th April. s. . -
Analysing and Interpreting Quantitative Eye-Tracking Data in Studies of Programming: Phases of Debugging with Multiple Representations
Roman Bednarik and Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: Editors: Jorma Sajaniemi;Markku Tukiainen;Roman Bednarik;Seppo Nevalainen(toim.) , 2007. Proceedings of the 19th Annual Workshop of Psychology of Programming Interest Group, Joensuu, Finland, July 2-6. s. 158-172. Department of Computer Science and Statistics -
How to Adapt the Visualization of Programs?
Andrés Moreno;Roman Bednarik and Michael Yudelson. Teoksessa: Peter Brusilovsky;Maria Grigoriadou;Kyparissia Papanikolaou (Eds.)(toim.) , 2007. UM'2007 workshop 2, 11th International Conference on User Modeling: Personalisation in e-learning environments at individual and group level, Corfu, Greece, June 25-29. s. 65-70. -
Integrating Dynamic Program Visualization into BlueJ: the Jeliot 3 Extension
Niko Myller;Roman Bednarik and Andrés Moreno. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2007. Seventh IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT 2007), Niigata, Japan, July 18-20. s. 205-206. -
Methods to Analyze Visual Attention Strategies: Applications in the Studies of Programming
Roman Bednarik. 2007. University of Joensuu, Department of Computer Science and Statistics. Dissertations -
Proceedings of the 19th Annual Workshop of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group, Joensuu, Finland, July 2-6, 2007
Editors: Jorma Sajaniemi;Markku Tukiainen;Roman Bednarik;Seppo Nevalainen. 2007. University of Joensuu, Deparment of Computer Science, International Proceedings Series. . Joensuun yliopistopaino -
Validating the Restricted Focus Viewer: A study using eye-movement tracking
Roman Bednarik and Markku Tukiainen. 2007. Behavior research methods. 39: 274-282 -
A Methodological Review of the Articles Published in the Proceedings of Koli Calling 2001-2004
Justus Randolph;Roman Bednarik and Niko Myller. Teoksessa: Tapio Salakoski;Tomi Mäntylä;Mikko Laakso (Eds.)(toim.) , 2006. Proceedings of Koli Calling 2005, Fifth Koli Calling Conference on Computer Science Education, November 17-18, 2005, Koli, Finland, TUCS Publication No 41, January 2006. s. 103-109. Turku Centre for Computer Science -
An Eye-tracking methodology for characterizing program comprehension processes
Roman Bednarik;Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: Stephen N. Spencer;Editor(toim.) , 2006. ACM Proceedings ETRA 2006, Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications, San Diego, California, March 27-29. s. 125-132. -
Analyzing Individual Differences in Program Comprehension
Roman Bednarik;Niko Myller;Erkki Sutinen and Markku Tukiainen. 2006. Nonlinear optics, quantum optics. 3: 205-232 -
Jeliot 3, an Extensible Tool for Program Visualization
Andrés Moreno;Niko Myller and Roman Bednarik. Teoksessa: Tapio Salakoski;Tomi Mäntylä;Mikko Laakso (Eds.)(toim.) , 2006. Proceedings of Koli Calling 2005, Fifth Koli Calling Conference on Computer Science Education, November 17-18, 2005, Koli, Finland, TUCS Publication No 41, January 2006. s. 183-184. Turku Centre for Computer Science -
Methodologies for Studies of Program Visualization
Niko Myller and Roman Bednarik. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2006. MMT 2006, Methods, Materials and Tools for Programming Education Conference Proceedings, May 4-5, Tampere, Finland. s. 37-42. Tampere Polytechnic -
Program Visualization for Programming Education - Case of Jeliot 3
Roman Bednarik;Andrés Moreno and Niko Myller. 2006. Association for Computing Machinery New Zealand Bulletin. : -
Program Visualization: Comparing Eye-Tracking Patterns with Comprehension Summaries and Performance
Roman Bednarik;Niko Myller;Erkki Sutinen;and Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: Edited by Pablo Romero;Judith Good;Sallyann Bryant;Edgar A. Chaparro(toim.) , 2006. Proceedings of the 18th Annual Workshop of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group, Brighton, United Kingdom, 7th-8th September. s. 68-82. University of Sussex -
The Expanding Focus of HCI: Case Culture
Minna Kamppuri;Roman Bednarik;Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2006. NordiCHI 2006, Proceedings of the 4th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Changing Roles, Oslo, Norway, October 14-18, 2006, ACM International Conference Proceedings Series, Vol 189. s. 405-408. ACM Press -
Various Utilizations of an Open-Source Program Visualization Tool, Jeliot 3
Roman Bednarik;Andrés Moreno;Niko Myller. 2006. Informatics in education. 5: 195-206 -
A Critical Analysis of the Research Methodologies Reported in the Full Papers of the Proceedings of ICALT 2004
Justus Randolph;Roman Bednarik;Pasi Silander;Javier Lopez;Niko Myller;Erkki Sutinen. Teoksessa: Editors: Peter Goodyear;Demetrios G. Sampson;David Jin-Tan Yang;Kinshuk;Toshio Okamoto;Roger Hartley NianShing Chen(toim.) , 2005. 5th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT 2005, 5-8 July 2005, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. s. 10-14. -
Applying Eye-Movement Tracking to Program Visualization
Roman Bednarik;Niko Myller;Erkki Sutinen;Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: Edited by: Martin Erwig;Andy Schürr(toim.) , 2005. IEEE Symposium on Visual Language & Human-Centric Computing, Dallas, Texas, USA, September 20-24, 2005. s. 302-304. -
Effects of Display Blurring on the Behavior of Novices and Experts during Program Debugging
Bednarik Roman;Tukiainen Markku. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2005. CHI 2005, ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Portland, Oregon USA, April 2-7, 2005. s. 1204 - 1207. -
Effects of Experience on Gaze Behavior during Program Animation
Roman Bednarik;Niko Myller;Erkki Sutinen and Markku Tukiainen. Teoksessa: Edited by Pablo Romero;Judith Good;Sallyann Bryant;Edgar A. Chaparro(toim.) , 2005. Proceedings of the 17th Annual Workshop of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group (PPIG 2005), Brighton - United Kingdom, 29th June - 1st July 2005. s. 49-61. University of Sussex -
Eye- Movements as a Biometric
Roman Bednarik;Tomi Kinnunen;Andrei Mihaila;and Pasi Fränti. Teoksessa: Heikki Kälviäinen;Jussi Parkkinen;Arto Kaarna (Eds.)(toim.) , 2005. Image Analysis, 14th Scandinavian Conference, SCIA 2005 Joensuu, Finland, June 19-22, 2005 Proceedings. s. 780-789. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005 -
Multi-Agent Educational System for Program Visualization
Bednarik;R.;Joy;M.;Moreno;A.;Myller;N.;Sun;S.;Sutinen;E.. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2005. International Conference on Intelligent Agents, Web Technology and Internet Commerce (IAWTIC'2005), Vienna, Austria, November 28 - 30. s. 283-288. -
Potentials of Eye-Movement Tracking Adaptive Systems
Roman Bednarik. Teoksessa: Weibelzahl Stephan;Paramythis Alexandros;and Masthoff Judith (Eds.)(toim.) , 2005. 10th International Conference on User Modeling (UM'05), Edinburgh, UK, 24th-30th July, Fourth Workshop on the Evaluation of Adaptive Systems. s. 1-8. -
Smart Program VisualizationTechnologies: Planning a Next Step
Roman Bednarik Andrés Moreno;Niko Myller & Erkki Sutinen. Teoksessa: Editors: Peter Goodyear;Demetrios G. Sampson;David Jin-Tan Yang;Kinshuk;Toshio Okamoto;Roger Hartley;NianShing Chen(toim.) , 2005. 5th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, ICALT 2005, 5-8 July 2005, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. s. 717-721. -
Development of the TUP Model - Evaluating Educational Software
Bednarik;R.;Gerdt;P.;Miraftabi;R. and Tukiainen;M.. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2004. . s. . -
Problem-Based Learning in Teaching Theoretical Computer Science
Bednarik;R.. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2004. . s. . -
Survival of students with different learning preferences
Bednarik;R. and Fränti;P.. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2004. . s. . -
Visual Attention Tracking During Program Debugging
Bednarik;R. and Tukiainen;M.. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2004. . s. . -
Visual Attention and Representation Switching in Java Program Debugging: A Study Using Eye Movement Tracking
Bednarik;R. and Tukiainen;M.. Teoksessa: (toim.) , 2004. . s. .